Relevance. The south of Russia occupies about 45% of the country's vegetable area and produces annually more than 5.7 million tons of vegetables or 48.9% of gross vegetable harvest in the country. The analysis of the state of open-ground vegetable growing in the south of Russia is given, taking into account the dynamics of acreage, yield, and gross harvest. The article presents a forecast of the development of openground vegetable growing in the south of Russia in the medium term, taking into account the organizational and legal changes in the industry.
Materials and results. The purpose of the research. Analysis of the state of open-ground vegetable growing in the south of Russia and identification of factors hindering the further development of the industry. The role of innovations introduced into production, variety exchange and variety renewal in increasing the gross yield of vegetables are shown. The reasons of the shortfall in productivity in 10 of 15 subjects of districts below the level of the average district values are given. The article highlights the reasoned judgments about the need to enlarge vegetable farms, expand the range of vegetable crops grown, as well as the need for a widespread transition to organic vegetable growing. The paper uses the official materials of the Federal State Statistics Service (FSSS), reports of agricultural departments of the subjects of two districts, the analysis of which was carried out by the author and comments on them were made.

Doubled haploids have been widely used worldwide in breeding programs and fundamental research as valuable homozygous material for about 100 years. The species Cucurbita pepo L. are represented by a huge variety of forms, include highly productive vegetable crops and have a wide distribution in the world. Despite the great economic importance, the creation of effective protocols to ensure stable production of doubled haploids in this species remains an urgent task. DH plants are of interest not only because of the acceleration of the breeding process, but also because of the realization of the huge potential of gametoclonal variability inherent in this highly polymorphic species. In this review, we analyzed the main technologies used for obtaining doubled haploids in vegetable crops of C. pepo: parthenogenesis in situ stimulated by treated/irradiated pollen, gynogenesis in vitro (unpollinated ovule culture in vitro) and androgenesis in vitro (anther/microspore culture in vitro). An analysis is presented of the research carried out from the beginning of the discovery of haploid plants to the current advances and evaluation of the prospects in the field of DH plant production. The main critical factors influencing the efficiency of each technology and its individual steps are considered. The developed technology of doubled haploids obtaining using non-pollinated ovary culture in vitro is presented. This technology allows to obtain up to 55 embryoids per one cultivated ovary (28 embryoids/ 100 cultivated ovules) To introduce haploid technologies into the breeding process it is necessary to evaluate the obtained plants for ploidy level. The use of direct counting of chromosomes in apical cells may present a certain difficulty in this species due to their large number (2n=40) and their small size. Depending on the level of laboratory equipment, ploidy determination using flow cytometry of cell nuclei and counting the number of chloroplasts in stomatal guard cells in the epidermis of the abaxial side of the leaf may be more convenient methods. The prospects for the use of molecular markers for assessment for homozygosity in DH technologies used, including C. pepo, are discussed in the review.

Relevance. Pepper is a common crop both for fresh consumption and for the preparation of spices. Recently, along with the increasing popularity of C. annuum L. pepper, there is increasing interest in other species of this genus, which have a number of breeding and important properties. The most important method of enriching the gene pool of cultivated plants is distant hybridization, through which valuable traits are transferred from wild species to cultivated ones. The development of a new variety is a lengthy process, stretching over several years. In this regard, breeders have faced the challenge of obtaining pure lines to create a pepper hybrid with desired properties by applying modern biotechnological methods that will accelerate this process. One of them is the method of microspore culture, which allows mass production of haploid plants, reducing the time for creating constant parental lines.
Material and methods. The aim of the work was to create an interspecific hybrid of hot pepper (C. annuum L. x C. frutescens L.) with high ornamental properties, a complex of economically valuable traits, with good taste qualities. The research was carried out in the film greenhouse of FSBSI FSVC in the Moscow region. The research material was a variety population of hot pepper Capsicum frutescens Cz-544-14, used as a paternal line, which was heterogeneous, and a pure line of C. annuum L. (Pb-551) created by classical breeding.
Results. The pepper hybrid F1 Christmas bouquet was created as a result of hybridization of species parental forms obtained by different methods (biotechnological and classical). To accelerate the production of an aligned paternal form of C. frutescens L., the technology of doubled haploids through microspore culture was used. As a result, doubled haploid plants meeting the planned model (compact low habit, purple fruit colouring in technical ripeness and red in biological ripeness) were obtained. The resulting hybrid combined all the necessary economic features: high ornamentality, compactness, bouquet arrangement of fruits, high taste and aroma. Thus, the use of remote interspecific hybridization in the breeding process in combination with biotechnological approaches can accelerate the production of new forms of hot peppers that meet the demands of the market.

Relevance. The purpose of this work is to create new discrete competitive tomato genotypes based on modern biotechnological approaches with increased resistance to the tobacco mosaic virus, economically valuable traits and adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of cultivation in the southern regions of the Russian Federation.
Methods. At the first stage of the study, SSR markers taken from literature sources were tested [1;2] and PCR conditions were optimized for the identification of target Tm genes (Tm2a, Tm22, providing resistance to tobacco mosaic virus at the tissue level) in the breeding material available in the department of vegetable and potato growing.
Results. Two informative molecular markers Tms 37 and UMD 2060 were selected, which reveal the allelic difference between resistant and susceptible samples. Hybridization of FMS tomato lines with samples having the desired genes of interest in the genotype for obtaining tomato lines resistant to TMV was carried out. Seeds of paternal forms - donors of target genes were obtained for their further use in breeding work. The scientific novelty lies in the study of the discrete genetic material of Solanumlycopersicum, used in the breeding process, and preserving its functions in a new genetic environment.

Relevance. Taking into account the narrow range of vegetable plant species grown in Russia and the global trend of impoverishment of their biochemical composition, simultaneously with the globalization of crop production, it is necessary to search for plant species and forms that are characterized by a high content of functional food ingredients (FFI) in their composition, since a decrease in the consumption of important micro-and macroelements sharply increases the risk of dangerous diseases for humans.
Objective. To study the features of growth and development of plants of the Solanaceae family in the collection of the Federal State Funded Institution of Science "NBG-NSC", characterized by a high content of biologically active substances and functional food ingredients (FFI), a short growing season and a neutral reaction to the length of the day.
Materials and methods. Features of development, biomorphological indicators of plants were studied according to the method of introduction studies developed in the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens [4]. The antioxidant activity (AOA) was determined by the method [5] based on the redox reaction of substances of antioxidant action with potassium permanganate. The content of water-soluble minerals was determined using a TDS 3 conductometer on aqueous plant extracts. The content of phenolic compounds was determined by photometric method using the Folin-Chocalteu reagent [6]; ascorbic acid content - by iodometric titration [7], carotenoids content - by spectrophotometric method [8].
Results. The revealed features of growth and development, biochemical composition of a new vegetable crop for the Russian Federation – nightshade caripense (tzimbalo) (Solanum caripense Dunal.), bladder herb (Physalis alkekengi L.), medicinal crops - nightshade laciniate (Solanum laciniatum Ait.), vitania hypnotic (synonyms winter cherry, Indian ginseng or physalis sunny-leaved) (Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal.), great morel (Atropa belladonna L.).
Conclusions. The conducted research will allow expanding and replenishing the range of new crops with an increased content of biologically active substances and antioxidants.

Relevance. Khabarovsk region is considered to be the zone of risky agriculture. It is characterized by the monsoon climate (july - september), having no analogies in Russia by univen distribution of precipitation, temperature drops and high natural infections background. That is why the search of tomato sorts, responsive to environmental changes, with increased or stable yield is highly relevant. The aim of our perennial researches in the creation of highly productive sorts and hybrids of tomato, most fully realizing natural and climatic conditions of cultivation, having higher stability to the most harmful diseases, stress environmental factors and high productive potential. The most significant limiting factors when growing tomatoes in the region are high natural infections background and sharply variable hydrothermal regime, formed under the influence of the Priamurye monsoon climate.
Methods. The selection work had been made on vegetable plot of DV NIISH. The seedlings had been growing by cassette method into film greenhouse, which had been no had heating. Then the seedlings was planted out into open ground in accordance with bed technology recommended in the region by scheme 140 X 35 cm. The main method of selection work of new tomato sorts creation was analytical with continious selection. All the necessary phenological, biometrical and psychopathological observations and accounts had been done by generally accepted methodics.
Results. The results in development of tomato selection in DV NIISH was the creation of sorts with different ripening time: early ripe – Zarya Vostokа and middle ripe – Amursky Utios and Dunyasha. They were included in the State registry of selection achievements in 2008 year. Sorts Klad and Galant passed successfully the state sort tests and were included in the state registry of selection achievements in 2017 and 2018 years. All these sorts are recommended for growing in garden plots, private plots and farms.

Relevance. In Siberia, sweet pepper is grown both in the open and in the protected ground. For a short Siberian summer, it is important to have varieties adapted to the local bioclimatic potential: early ripening, for obtaining valuable products in the middle of summer, and the possibility of conducting seed production. The priority direction is the creation of varieties that are resistant to abiotic and biotic environmental factors, with high yield, product quality, and high vitamin C content.
Materials and methods. The research was carried out in film unheated greenhouses and in the open ground at the West Siberian Vegetable Experimental Station-a branch of the Federal Research Center for Vegetable Growing. The material for research was collected, selected samples, varieties of pepper.
Results and discussion. Breeding work on the culture of sweet pepper at the West Siberian Vegetable Experimental Station was started in the late 60s of the last century, active work – in the early 90s. The conditions of the sharply continental climate, with its mild frost-free period, require the creation of varieties capable of obtaining a commercial pepper crop, despite the negative impact of biofactors. The use of precocious varieties gives a guaranteed harvest by avoiding early autumn frosts. Breeding for precocity is one of the main directions of Siberian breeding. Over the years of selection, models of future varieties were created, more than 20 varieties of sweet pepper of various varietal types were created. The varieties obtained at the station all belong to the early-maturing group, with a period from germination to the first fruit harvest-98-116 days, a height of 40-80 cm during the fruiting period, compact, suitable for growing without a garter to the trellis. As a result of a comprehensive assessment of the initial breeding material, donors of economically valuable traits were selected, the inclusion of which in the breeding process contributed to the creation of a number of precocious pepper varieties of various variety types. The created varieties have a high biological potential in terms of adaptability, productivity, and biochemical parameters. Suitable for growing in various production sectors.

Relevance. Agricultural production is the main consumer of water. Globally, about 70% of fresh water is annually used for agricultural (food and non-food) production. Nearly 40% of the world's food supply comes from irrigation. Globally, the scarcity of irrigation water due to competition between industry and urban consumption threatens food security. Future population growth, income growth and changes in nutrition are expected to increase demand for water. The rate of warming in Russia since the mid-1970s about 2.5 times the global average. The highest rate of temperature increase occurs at high latitudes. The entire territory of Russia is subject to warming, both as a whole for the year and in all seasons. Water Footprint Accounting (WF), proposed by the Water Footprint Network (WFN), has the potential to provide important information for water management, especially in water-stressed regions that rely on irrigation to meet food needs.
Methodology. The purpose of this systematic review was to collate and synthesize available data on global water use in vegetable production. Searched online databases covering the areas of environment, social sciences, public health, nutrition and agriculture: Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, OvidSP MEDLINE, EconLit, OvidSP AGRIS, EBSCO GreenFILE, and OvidSP CAB Abstracts. The search was conducted using predefined search terms that included the concepts of "vegetable crops" and "water footprint".
Results. This article provides a brief overview of the vegetable growing water footprint and the sustainability of the blue water footprint. In general, a high green or overall (green + blue) WF may indicate that the vegetable crops are having low yields or inefficient water use. Low green and high blue WF indicate inefficient use of rainwater, which can lead to overexploitation of surface and groundwater. The water footprint can be considered a good economic ergometer, showing the level of water consumption required to obtain a certain vegetable product, whether it brings economic benefits or not, beneficial to society or not.

Introduction. The development of ideas about the influence of the light environment - the radiation spectrum, intensity and duration of exposure, on the physiology of plants, serves as the basis for the creation of effective light sources for protected ground.
Purpose. Comparative test of the influence of a light environment with different spectral composition on the productivity and quality of tomatoes in conditions of intensive photo culture.
Methods. Investigations were made under controlled conditions of intensive photoculture when growing dwarf tomatoes of the variety Natasha selections of the “Federal Scientific Vegetable Center” on thin-layer soil analogs with the supply of a nutrient solution to the plant roots through a slit capillary in vegetative light installations developed at the ARI. The light sources were high-pressure sodium lamps and LED lamps SD1, SD2, and SD3 with different emission spectra. Results. Tomatoes of the Natasha variety, illuminated during development with HPS lamps, formed almost the same yield with an average fruit weight of 42.5 kg/m2 per layer per year. Natasha tomato grown under LED lamps showed a tendency to lower productivity by 29% under SD1 and by 8% under SD2 and higher by 19% under underSD3 compared to that under HPS lamps. A comparative assessment of the biochemical composition of tomato fruits indicates their high quality under all tested light sources.
Conclusion. Cultivation of dwarf tomato varieties on thin-layer soil analogs showed the best results in terms of productivity with good quality plant products under LED lamps SD3 with a radiation spectrum close to sunlight.

Relevance. The most important influence on the yield, the timing of growing vegetables in greenhouses and the cost of the resulting crop, in addition to the arrival of solar radiation, is exerted by the presence of a system of artificial lighting in greenhouses and its capacity.It is no exaggeration to say that today artificial lighting in greenhouses is more effective than natural lighting. So, to obtain one kilogram of vegetables using artificial lighting, it is necessary to spend 4.5-5.0 thousand J/cm2, and in the case of natural lighting: 5.0-6.5 thousand J/cm2. This is due to the fact that when using artificial lighting in the greenhouse, we create the most comfortable growing conditions for the plants. Of course, every culture, every hybrid requires its own illumination parameters, so you should not try to formulate what the ideal artificial lighting will be. Proper lighting means getting the maximum yield from your crops at the lowest cost. An increase in the productivity of plants when grown under photoculture conditions occurs not only due to an increase in the lighting power per unit area of greenhouses, but also due to correctly selected hybrids. The cultivated hybrid is one of the most important criteria for both increasing its productivity and improving the quality of the fruit. But not all tomato hybrids recommended by breeding companies for growing under artificial lighting are ideal for such conditions.
Methods. The methods used in agronomic science were used. The information base of the research was made up of reference materials from specialized publications on the subject under study (catalogs of breeding companies); materials received from participants in the greenhouse vegetable market (breeding companies, greenhouse plants); own research, articles and reviews in specialized journals.
Results. Correctly selected tomato hybrids provide a significant increase in productivity in greenhouses, an improvement in fruit quality and a balanced cultivation technology under these conditions. An assortment of recommended tomato hybrids for growing in photoculture conditions is presented, an analysis of their advantages and disadvantages is made, and the main requirements for hybrids for these conditions are formulated.

Relevance. The State Register of agricultural crops recommended for sowing on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan includes 47 hybrids and varieties of sweet pepper. Of these, 8 varieties and one F1 hybrid of domestic selection and 31 F1 hybrids of foreign selection (State Register, 2021). However, many of them, especially those of foreign selection, do not meet the requirements of the local market and are not adapted to local climatic conditions. In this regard, a preliminary test of varieties and hybrids included in the State Register, as well as F1 hybrids offered by foreign producers, was carried out in order to identify the most promising varieties for the conditions of the Central zone of Uzbekistan.
Material and research methods. A preliminary tests included 20 varieties and F1 hybrids: 7 varieties and 1 hybrid F1 of domestic selection, 2 varieties and 10 F1 hybrids of foreign selection. The experiments were laid on the experimental base of the Research Institute of Plant Genetic Resources.
Results. As a result of a comprehensive assessment of 20 varieties and hybrids of F1 sweet pepper, promising samples were identified for both breeding and industrial use. The sources of early maturity can be the Abai and Claudio hybrids, with the duration of the period "seedlings - biological ripeness of fruits" 97-99 days. To create large-fruited varieties in breeding work, F1 hybrids should be used: Procraft, Dallas, Magno, Claudio, Gemini and Zumrad variety. For breeding thick-walled and very thick-walled varieties and hybrids, the varieties Dar Tashkenta, Sabo, Nargiza, Lastochka, Podarok Moldova, Shodlik, Zumrad, etc., as well as F1 hybrids Procraft, Cadia should be used. High total (43.0-54.1 t/ha) and marketable (40.1-50.5 t/ha) yield was noted in hybrids F1. The most promising hybrids are Cadia, Procraft, Magno, Dallas with a total yield of 50.1-54.1 t/ha, against 47.5 t/ha for the F1 Zhaikhun standard. The total and marketable yield of the tested varieties was significantly lower compared to hybrids F1 and amounted to 33.5-38.6 and 30.7-35.7 t/ha, respectively.

Relevance. The production of onions and its preservation for the year-round provision of the population is an important strategic task. In March-May, there is often a shortage of onions due to high storage losses and incorrect determination of the optimal timing of implementation.
Methods. Studies on the effect of fertilizers and plant growth regulators on the preservation of onion hybrids were conducted in 2014-2017 at the ARRIVG-branch of the FSVC. We tested 3 hybrids of onions grown in an annual culture on 6 variants of plant nutrition backgrounds. Harvesting of onions (turnips) was carried out manually, followed by drying in a greenhouse and laying for storage in a vegetable storehouse at a temperature of -1...0°C and a humidity of 80-90%.
Results and discussion. The optimal duration of storage of new hybrids and the terms of sale of products when stored in cooling conditions for onions. Data on the shelf life and implementation of onion hybrids, depending on the nutrition background, are presented. Mathematical descriptions of the dependences of the total losses of 3 modern hybrids on the duration of storage and the influence of fertilizers and growth regulators are obtained, which is of great practical importance for the agricultural and industrial complex. Conclusions. A positive effect on the preservation of onions of treatments of vegetative plants with solutions of potassium nitrate (10 kg/ha), Zircon (0.25 l/ha) and Tenso Cocktail (0.7 kg/ha) against the background of N90P90K90 was revealed. The maximum yield of marketable products after 7 months of storage at -1...0℃ and 80-90% humidity in Bennito F1 was on the N90P90K90 + KNO3+ Zircon + Tenso Cocktail variant-89,6%, losses from diseases 2,8%; Poisk 012 F1 on the variant with the use of Zircon against the background of N90P90K90-52,1%, losses from diseases 31,2%; Pervenec F1 on the N90P90K90 + KNO3 variant- 91,4%, losses from diseases 1,4%. Pervenec F1 was distinguished by the best preservation during three-and seven-month storage. In general, the use of micro-fertilizers and a growth regulator had a positive effect on the preservation of onions.

Relevance. The appearance on the market of water-soluble fertilizers, growth regulators, biological products requires a detailed study of these drugs to determine their effectiveness in increasing yields and optimizing costs. Therefore, the issue of developing environmentally friendly elements of the technology for growing varieties of table watermelon of different ripening periods with the use of new types and forms of water-soluble fertilizers becomes urgent.
Materials and methods. The object of research is varieties of watermelon of domestic selection of early and medium ripening. The studies were carried out in 2018-2020 on the basis of the Bikovskaya cucurbits breeding experimental station (Bykovskiy district, Volgograd region). The methods of using the preparation Potassium Humate (liquid) were studied: Treatment of plants twice, Soaking the seeds before sowing. The passage of the main periods of plant growth and development, biometric parameters of plants, biochemical composition of fruits and productivity of table watermelon were determined. The purpose of the research: to determine the effectiveness of methods of using potassium humate (liquid) in increasing yields, to reveal their influence on the quality of table watermelon fruits of different ripening periods.
Results. The experimental data obtained showed a fairly high efficiency of the use of humic fertilizer in the cultivation of table watermelon both in early-maturing varieties and in varieties of late ripening. The maximum yield of the late-ripening watermelon variety Ikar was obtained when using the preparation Potassium Humate for treating plants – 17.1 t/ha, which is 25.7% more than control. The same method of using the humic preparation was noted as the most promising in the early ripening variety of watermelon Triumph, where the yield exceeded the control values by 21.8% and the method of use was by 18.0% – soaking the seeds before sowing. Studies have determined that the use of the preparation Potassium Humate in the technology of growing table watermelon allows to obtain fruits of good quality with a content of nitrates significantly lower than the maximum permissible concentrations for this culture (MPC – 60 mg/kg).

Relevance. A number of scientific studies confirm that consumption of fruits and vegetables can reduce the risk of certain chronic diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases, for example, consumption of fresh tomatoes and tomato products is inversely proportional to the development of certain types of cancer. Tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. contains a large number of polyphenolic complexes, which are biologically active compounds. In this article, the authors have attempted for the first time to present the complete metabolomic composition of Solanum lycopersicum extracts.
Materials and methods: As an object of research, authors used the extracts of Solanum lycopersicum L., from the collection of the Federal Research Center N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, grown and collected at the Far Eastern Experiment Station Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution in September 2020 (varieties: k-5351 Ont77 13, Canada; k-3149 Rehovoth, Israel; 2698 Ukraine). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in combination with a BRUKER DALTONIKS ion trap (tandem mass spectrometry) was used to identify target analytes in extracts obtained by the maceration method.
Discussion: The results of initial studies revealed the presence of 36 biologically active compounds, of which 22 were identified for the first time in Solanum lycopersicum L. These are Apigenin, Luteolin, Kaempferol, Taxifolin, Myricetin, Coutaric acid, Caffeoylmalic acid, Caftaric acid, Dicaffeoylquinic acid, coumarins Fraxetin, and Fraxetin-7-O-beta-glucuronide, Pelargonidin, Salvianolic acid D, Rosmanol, Colnelenic acid, Ethyl rosemary, lignan Medioresinol-O-hexoside, Squalene, etc. The findings will help to intensify future research into the development and production of various functional food products containing targeted extracts of Solanum lycopersicum L.

Common chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is widely known as a food plant. However, in folk medicine in many countries, the roots and leaves of chicory are used as a choleretic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic agent. In this regard, a promising direction of research is a detailed study of the biological characteristics and chemical composition of this plant in order to substantiate its use for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. The article presents an analysis of the available information on the botanical classification and biological characteristics, agricultural technology, chemical composition and the use of the aerial part of the cultivated common chicory in scientific and folk medicine. Possible resources for collecting chicory leaves are wild-growing populations, as well as varieties of root chicory, which is grown in Russia as an industrial crop. Under natural conditions, chicory occupies disturbed habitats characterized by low soil fertility, pollution with heavy metals, and increased competition with other ruderal plants. While in the conditions of culture, the best agroecological conditions for growing plants are provided, accelerating their development and contributing to accumulation of biologically active substances in greater quantities, compared with wild ones. In this regard, a promising direction of research is to study the influence of various factors (illumination, temperature, weather conditions, agrotechnical measures, varietal characteristics, growth regulators) on the content, qualitative composition and dynamics of the accumulation of biologically active compounds in the leaves of cultivated common chicory.

The most important task for the sustainable development of modern agriculture is to increase the biological diversity of cultivated crops. In recent years, due to global climate change, the possibilities of using more thermophilic crops in new agro-ecological zones have expanded. The problem of increasing the biological diversity of vegetable products largely depends on the introduction of non-traditional plant species, with a simultaneous assessment of the initial material for its use in economically useful purposes and the creation of varieties and hybrids adapted to local conditions. In this regard, Nigella L. is of great interest among rare plant species. It is one of the most famous spicy-aromatic crops in the Mediterranean and Central Asia, possessing a wide range of biologically active compounds and unique medicinal properties. The review article provides information on the origin, biological characteristics and breeding of the culture. A brief review of food, medicinal and other economically useful properties is given, as well as the main elements of the technology for growing nigella are considered. It is shown that the cultivation of this culture will provide an opportunity to expand the range of non-traditional plants and be a promising renewable source of valuable plant raw materials, which will find application in various fields: in agriculture, in the food, pharmaceutical, perfumery and cosmetic industries, as well as in ornamental gardening.

Relevance. According to the Federal Law of 16.07.1998 No. 101-FZ (as amended on 05.04.2016) "On State Regulation of Ensuring the Fertility of Agricultural Land", owners, owners, users, including tenants of land plots are obliged to: carry out the production of agricultural products in ways that ensure the reproduction of the fertility of agricultural land, as well as excluding or limiting the adverse impact of such activities on the environment. Environment.
Materials and methods.The research was carried out on a stationary field experience in the Podolsk district of the Moscow region in 2011-2012. On experience, five-floor crop rotation will be deployed in time: 1) oats; 2) barley with planted perennial herbs; 3) perennial herbs of the first year of use; 4) perennial herbs of the second year of use; 5) winter wheat. The plots were located in the upper part of the slope with a slope of 14% (weakly pitched) and in the lower part of the slope with a slope of 7% (gentle).
Results. It was found that on average annually in the slope areas of the non-chernozem region soils lose from the layer 0-40 cm with a surface runoff of phosphorus 0.7-6.0 kg / ha, potassium 2.3-28.9 kg / ha, calcium 7.3-45.8 kg / ha. With anti-erosion methods of tillage on a slope with a steepness of 7%, the migration of chemical elements was 2.2 times less compared to similar options on the slope with a steepness of 14%. Surface runoff redistributes substances along the length of the slope, therefore, it is necessary to take this into account during chemical reclamation of the slopes soils and carry out differentiated application of fertilizers and lime. After chemical analysis of the arable layer of soil, it turned out that the maximum content of humus, mobile forms of phosphorus and exchange potassium is noted in the lower part of the slope, which is associated with the processes of washing and alluvium of the soil.