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Vegetable crops of Russia

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No 1 (2015)
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BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS

8-12 1244
Abstract
The line fixers of sterility from the other pairs with genotype TsitNrfrf are encouraged to use for off-patent biological copyright protection paternal pollinating lines. In this case, the F1 hybrids will always have a TsitSrfrf genotype and will be sterile, which makes it impossible to obtain F2 progeny.
13-19 992
Abstract
Data of the development of leaf assimilation apparatus of radish during vegetative period up to industrial ripeness are presented. The morphological traits of four radish varieties of South Korea’s breeding were studied.
20-26 1084
Abstract

The particularities of the changes of the morphological parameters of plants-regenerants of tomato hybrids F1 during prolonged cultivation in conditions of in vitro have been studied. The cultivation during 12 passages in hormoneless MS medium does not lead to somaclonal variants, but act to raise the increasing of coefficient of variability of plants-regenerants features. 

27-30 1246
Abstract
Adaptive properties and selection value of vegetable pea collection based on «seed weight per plant» have been studied. The genotypes with high total and specific adaptive capacity, relative stability, and breeding value for multiple purposes have been revealed.

PLANTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PHYTOCHEMISTRY

31-35 1464
Abstract
The experimental data on the content of water-soluble antioxidants, accumulation of vitamin C, and dry matter in plants of Monarda fistulosa L. and Monarda citriodora L. of the Lamiaceae family are presented in the article. As a result of comparative assessment the promising early ripening genotype №2 with high content of vitamin C was selected.
36-42 1203
Abstract

Analysis of morphological and physiological characters of amaranth varieties of VNIISSOK and Ecuador breeding grown under optimal conditions, as well as at low temperature and precipitation deficit showed a reduction in height, number of leaves and inflorescence length to different extents. It points to the different resistance of varieties to the unfavorable environmental factors.

43-47 1138
Abstract

A comparative evaluation of 20 hot pepper varieties according to pungency determination by organoleptic, spectrophotometric methods, and HPLC has been done. The capsaicin concentrations were in the range 1.0-7.15 mg/g d.w., pungency value - (17440-153120) SHU. A direct correlation between organoleptic analysis and capsaicin content determined spectrophotometrically and using HPLC was determined. Spectrophotometric method was shown to give elevated values of capsaicin concentration especially in samples with low pungency, that was related to lack of chromatographic separation of capsaicin extract.

48-51 1194
Abstract

Pumpkin fruits are the source of carbohydrates, mineral salts and vitamins during wintertime. The change of the biochemical compositions of pumpkin fruits depending on storage time has been studied. The results of chemical analysis revealed that during four months of storage the content of quality indicators increased followed by its reduction after five and more month of storage. 

PLANT PROTECTION

52-56 975
Abstract

On an experimental basis of the Scientific Center of vegetable, melon and industrial crops (Republic of Armenia) 20 accessions of the world germplasm of Capsicum annuum L. (sweet pepper, chili) provided by the World Vegetable Center (AVRDC) have been studied. The accessions resistant to such diseases as verticillium wilt (Verticillium albo-atrum Reincke), bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum (= Pseudomonas solanacearum), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), blossom end rot of fruit, and tip-burn have been selected. These genotypes of chili and sweet pepper are the promising initial material in breeding for resistance to common diseases. In collaboration with other breeders, five varieties of peppers were developed and released: sweet pepper cultivars Natalie, Emily, Miles, and chili cultivars Zita and Gita.

VEGETABLE PRODUCTION

3-7 1395
Abstract
The current state of vegetable production in Russia is discussed in the article. Comparative assessment of the dynamics of vegetable production in the agricultural organizations, farms and private farms since 2008 has been conducted. The contribution of these organizations in the bulk yield of vegetable crops on an annual basis in each regions is presented. The private farms produce up to 80% of the bulk yield of vegetables. Such rearrangement of production has negatives and benefits. This production is low-gain and oriented toward to domestic consumption. In 2012 and 2013, the production of vegetable crops was almost equal and accounted more than 14 million tons.
57-59 1049
Abstract

We have studied the locally released early-season melon varieties (cv. Anush), cucumber (cv. Maneh), and marrow squash (cv. Anna) under the conditions of Ararat valley to assess the influence of meteorological conditions on the development rates and productivity of the summer and spring-planted vegetable plants. Research has been conducted on the experimental field of the Scientific Center of Vegetable, Melon and Industrial Crops (2011-2013). Depending on the seeding time (spring or summer), the tested varieties varied in the durations of germination, blooming and fruit formation periods as well as in  the plant resistance to low and high temperatures in spring and summer, respectively. It was found that, the summer-planted cucurbits crops have significantly shorter plant development phenological phases and prolonged fruit-bearing periods as compared to the spring-planted plants. It was proved for cucumber and marrow squash crops. The yields of the spring-planted melon, cucumber and marrow squash crops were 30,5; 24,8 and 42,5 t/ha, respectively, while the yields of the summer-planted crops were lower (39,9; 7,8 and 8,6%).

60-63 1101
Abstract
Species composition of infected tomato seeds was determined: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersіcі, Alternarіa solanі, Aspergіllus spp., Rhіzopus spp., Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. The effect of plant growth regulators, biological fungicides on sowing seeds quality has been studied. It was found that presowing treatment of seeds of cv. Kremenchugskiy and cv. Karasy increases the germination ability, vigor, and disease resistance. Spraying of tomato plants during vegetation has decreased the development of fungal diseases such as F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersіcі (up to 4,8%), Aspergіllus spp. (up to 2,3 %), and Rhіzopus spp. (up to 5,8 %).
64-66 989
Abstract
The standard for seeds of Diplotaxis tenuifolia L. was developed. It includes the following sections: scope of use; normative references; terms, definitions and abbreviations; classification; technical requirements; acceptance rules and sampling; method of control; transportation and storage; safety requirements.
67-71 1075
Abstract

The result of the study of 12 watermelon hybrids of foreign breeding in condition of south zone of the Amur region is presented. The varieties characteristics and agro-technical recommendations are provided. The productivity of the most promising F1 hybrid, Shakura,  was 33 kg per plant at average weight of fruit 11-12 kg. Amount of mature fruits per plant in hybrids Baraka, Bomba, and Krimson Rubi was the same as in hybrid Shakura, but average weight of fruit and productivity of these hybrids were lower (9.9 – 11.2 kg per plant). The hybrid Тор Gаn F1 developed a minimal number of fruit, but it was early ripening as compared with other hybrids. By comparison with the local varieties, all tested genotypes have bigger marketable fruits, higher yield, and good eating qualities. 

72-73 1134
Abstract

Data on the time of origin and habitat of chufa nut is presented in the article. Brief description, biological particularities, nutrition value, and agricultural technology of this crop in condition of central Russia are described. The possibility of growing the chufa nut were shown in the experiment conducted in the VNIISSOK. The average yield of root nodules in condition of greenhouse was 1.8-2.2 kg/m2. 



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ISSN 2072-9146 (Print)
ISSN 2618-7132 (Online)