Becoming one of leading region among other ones, Vladimir region located in the central European part of Russia is a place with remarkable geographic and economic conditions including rapid development of communication and traffic system. The territory covers an area of 2908.4 thousand of hectares, where 757 thousand of them are cropping lands including 518.2 thousand of hectares of arable land. 265 agricultural institutions, 2 thousand of farms are involved in agricultural sector. The total gross output and food industry of this oblast reached 20.3% including agriculture 11.8%. 329.7 thousand of inhabitants live in this area, while for the most part of them, 176.3 thousand work for agriculture. The agricultural program of the region is oriented to cattle farming, including extensive milk production. L. P Bakrina is a general manager in one of the largest farming joint stock company "MECHTA" in Murom oblast, Vladimir region. Her farming company that has become renowned as leading among others was rewarded by honoured diploma and awards for high quality products that were highly commended by A.Gordeev, Minister of Agriculture of Russia.

This article reviews means and a significance of homozygous lines production in tomato through haploid plant stage. The haploid plants can be originated both male and female cells of gametophyte. Comprehensive and analytical information concerning achievements for last 40 years was given disclosing successful experiences and challenges in plant haploid production through androgenesis and gynogenesis in tomato.

The biotechnological techniques that have been elaborated for carrot breeding include the following elements: the methods of initial explant sterilization; regeneration under controlled condition for callus tissue and zygotic embryoids; anther and unpollinated ovule cultivation in vitro; genetic transformation. Mentioned biotechnological approaches were applied to develop the cultivar of garden carrot Sonata, promising hybrids F1 and family population of transgenic plants carrying the high resistance to Fusarium avenaceum.

Hybrids were originated by diallelic crossing of seven lines created by introgression selection. The features of inheritance of quantity locus traits were studied. The promising hybrids were distinguished from standard ones by a higher yield at early-term harvesting 0.1-0.5 kg. on square meter as well as for total harvesting 1.1 1.9 kg. on square meter.

Vegetables are a source of vitamins, salts, acids, carbohydrates and biologically active substances which are necessary for human's vital function. Academician Pavlov I.V. asserted that life expectancy of human can be one third longer by daily consumption of fresh vegetable. The nourishing values of vegetables are composed not only of high content of carbohydrate and proteins, but also there is an extremely useful source of vitamins and ferments, microelements and biologically active substances. It should be mentioned that some of necessary substances can dissociate or transform under the thermal condition in another ones, sometime, not accessible chemical forms. Taking this into account the human's food must be enriched by vegetables that bring natural consistencies of substances. The perennial onion can be used as a vegetable with all these qualities.

The additional illumination of chicory heads, Witloof with LFU-30 light enriched by blue spectrum caused bioflavonoid content increased by 20-30 % and two-fold the oxy-cinnamic acid content in leaves of etiolating small heads. This approach enables to produce the new plant product with high contents of antioxidants.

It was shown that short-term exposure of red colored plants in ultra -violet rays provoked the increase of activity of superoxide dismutase and contents of low molecu-lar-weight antioxidants. The compensatory dependence between a content of amaranthine and activity of betalain oxidase was discovered. It has been proven that resistance of Amaranth to ultra -violet rays can be used as a factor of selection to be chosen for breeding the initial Amaranth accessions with high antioxidant properties.

On 24-27th of November, 2008 the international conference on conventional and molecular breeding of field and vegetable crops was held in Novi Sad, Serbia. Russian delegated group included Dr. Lapochkina I.F., a head of genetics and cytology department at All -Russian Research institute of Agriculture for Nonchernozem zone, Dr Balashova I.T, a head of a laboratory of gamete selection and molecular methods for plant breeding, Dr Kushnereva V.P., a head of a Cucurbitaceae crop breeding laboratory

From 8th to 11th of February, 2009 the international conference on plant abiotic stress tolerance was held in Vienna, Austria. The problems of plant resistance to abiotic stress were discussed.

Such parameters as long storage properties, high content of biologically active substances is considered to be the basic characteristics for autumn-sown garlic breeding. It was shown that natural cold stress like cultivation in late autumn provoked an increased content of uncombined proline in cultivars Petrovskiy, Tsezar Antonnik and others.

Genus Cucurbita includes about 30 species. In Russia the genus is mostly presented by 3 following species: winter squash (Cucurbita maxima Duch); acum squash (Cucurbita pero), they include marrow, Pattypan squash; butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata Duch).The research group of the institute has bred cultivars of pumpkin, marrow type and Pattypan squash with high yield and cold resistant abilities, resistant to pathogens. All these cultivars meet all high requirements of the market. With the use of all offered cultivars it has become possible to grow them one by another like a conveyer during a vegetative period in Moscow region.

Mutually beneficial collaboration work can be only realized by joining efforts of worldwide communication in all industrial sectors. The plant breeding technologies are deeply merged into global economic program and also cover the vegetable plant production. Now Italy is indicated as a centre of cabbage seed growing. For different climatic condition it is very important to analyze the realization of seed production technology in regard to the cultivar characteristics, growing parameters as corresponded with current agricultural system in foreign countries.

In accordance with the Federal Law on seed production N0 149-03 on 17th of December 1997 the quality testing of vegetable crop seeds should be carried on by laboratory growing test and direct sowing in the ground. The growing test is a basic control for seed quality evaluation and variety and cultivar distinctness.

This year, February, 12th marks a 200th birthday of Charles Darwin. It has already been 150 year since he published his work on the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle of Life

In truly confirmed statement for a person who is of great physical and mental abilities, these thoughts come while one learn the biography of Boris V Kvasnikov renowned scientist of RSFSR, professor

National park like Solovky Islands is a one of the example of distant North region in Russia where for a past and present time there has been the history of collecting plants for different proposes such as cultivation, ornamentation. Orthodoxy monasteries where were first attempts at vegetable growing were made, since then they have still maintained cultural plant growing. The first historical record on gardening in Russia came from XI-XII century as chronicles showed. In June, 2008 the group from All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Breeding and Seed Production chanced to visit this region refreshing the information about this distant-located and beautiful place.