The paper presents the information about technical tools and software wide used for statistic calculations and detection of linkage disequilibrium marker/trait as well as association between traits/genes and molecular markers based on identification of linkage disequilibrium. It is briefly discussed the destination of main computer programs most wide used for genetic mapping and association marker/trait. It is given Internet web-sites for downloading of necessary software.

The basic problem of breeding of onions, including development of varieties and hybrids, characterized by high yield, early maturity, marketable product that are grown in different regions of the country is described in the article. The combination of resistance to pests and diseases in the same variety/hybrid is the most problematic. Interspecific hybridization of onions is promising, as a result of which, along with resistance to diseases, provided early spring regrowth of plants, their high shoot formation, the long period of return of greenery as well as a high solids content, vitamins, and volatile production in the bulbs and aboveground mass. Perennial onions are donors of cold and frost resistance. VNIISSOK scientists, Omsk Agricultural Institute and other institutions in the country set up a number of interspecific hybrids with wild species of onions, which are of undoubted interest for practical use. However, a significant portion of perennial species is not compatible with cultivated ones. The main reason is the different number of chromosomes in parents, and hence irregularities in meiosis and sterile progeny. To overcome the sterility of hybrids there are effective methods of modern biotechnology, including the embryo culture in vitro and polyploidization. The initial material for research is the collection of VIR, with more than 3,000 samples and diverse breeding material obtained by breeders of our country.

Results of two yeaґs field studying of 522 samples of peas are presented. Twenty-five samples with valuable agronomic traits were selected for further breeding program. Correlation between duration of interstage periods was revealed.

In the system of full diallel crossing 11 x 11, 110 F1 tomato hybrids for mechanical harvesting were obtained. The results of study of the degree of variability and the character of dominance and heterosis effect of F1 hybrids based on economically valuable traits at one-time harvesting. The degree of variability and the nature of the inheritance of economically valuable features and properties of F1 tomato hybrids depends on the initial forms for hybridization, the direction of crossing and the conditions of its growing.

The rate of variability of functional male sterility (ps–2) depending on year of study, genotype and age of the plant is shown. The efficiency of the method of forced ejection of pollen from intact anthers to increase the degree of sterility is shown. The five tomato hybrids developed based on selected lines were submitted for the state variety trial of Moldova.

The assortment of salad crops, process parameters for production of seedlings (Baby leaf) and sprouts (Microgreens) is presented. The principles of the selection and sale of salad crops in the local market are recommended.

Kiwano plants, or horned cucumber (Cucumis metuliferus E. Mey ex Naudin) was grown in the open field in several experimental plots in the south of West Siberia (54,95025 N, 83,09763 E). Fruits production was correlated with night air temperature sum and soil organic matter content, reaching the maximum of 2.7 kg (fresh phytomass) per plant. Fruit size and some basic juice characteristics were similar to those of kiwano fruits grown elsewhere in the world. The vegetative phytomass grown was correlated with day air temperature sum, being practically independent of soil chemical properties. Thus kiwano can be recommended as a crop to be grown in the open field in the south of West Siberia and other regions of Russia with similar soil and environmental conditions.

The article presents the results of long-term studies of evaluating of different types of pumpkins at their cultivation in the conditions of the Moscow region. The difference among the types of pumpkins based on the yield of fruits, seeds, as well as the number and weight of fruit per plant was found. Varieties and hybrids with high yield of fruits and seeds were selected.

The article presents the results of a study of varieties collection of different ecological-geographic origin on light-brown soils in the summer planting and watering irrigation. The promising, high-yielding varieties for cultivation in the Astrakhan region were selected.

The new hybrids of largefruited pumpkin, Vega and Pervenets VNIISSOK F1, the large-fruited pumpkin varieties, Muscvichka, and zucchini cv. Kornishonniy are characterized.

The description of a new determinant tomato variety for open field and greenhouse film with the original small dense fruit, keeping quite well its marketable qualities within 15-20 days after harvest in milk maturity phase is given. The fruits are rounded with sharp elongated spout. Fruits are good for fresh consumption, canning and pickling. Recommended for baby food and food for people with problems of the digestive system.

The article describes the history of the development and spread of chicory as a cultivated plant, both worldwide and in the Russia. The analysis of the dynamics of crop acreage and gross yield of crops in the Russia is given. The value of chicory as a raw material for the processing industry is underline.

The influence of different rates of organic and mineral fertilizers applications, the timing of the use of planting on the yield of tubers and green mass of topinambur cv. Skorospelka and product quality are described in this paper. In conditions of the non-Chernozem zone of the Russia, it is recommended to grow topinambur at least 3 years at the same place resulted in yield on 2-th and 3-th years similar to first year of growing. The application of manure (90 t/ha) and 1/3 NPK doses allowed to get equal yield at first, second, and third year of growing.

The results of the laboratory of standardization, regulation and metrology in recent years are shown. Based on research, two intergovernmental standards, one national standard, and 24 standards of the organization were developed, agreed, approved, and put into effect.

The purpose of the standard is the valuation of the indicators of quality of candied fruit watermelon, cooked in sugar syrup, dried and coated in granulated sugar intended for industrial processing and nutrition. This standard is developed for the first time in the Russian Federation.

In accordance with the program of study of selection and crops complex evaluation, the 18 determinant tomato varieties and hybrids of domestic and foreign breeding were used. All of them are included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements Approved for use in the North Caucasus region. The results of the fruiting time, the productivity and the impact of air temperature during main phases of ontogenesis of early ripening varieties in non-sowing culture in the conditions of Dagestan are shown. The coefficients of variation of yield depending on the variety and year of growing of tomato early culture are found. The correlation coefficient between time of fruiting and total yield of early fruit ripening varieties of tomato was revealed. The characteristic of rate of diseases susceptibility of tomato varieties is given.

The characteristic of the new variety of Cucurbita ficifolia (Cucurbita ficifolia Bouche.), «In honor of Memory Tarakanov», is provided. The variety is mid ripening, the yield of marketable fruits is 16,0-22,0 t / ha. The fruits are transportable, tasting score - 4.5-4.6 points with a strong aroma of watermelon; keep marketable quality within 250-270 days after harvest. Intended use is fodder and universal.

The article presents the results of breeding of new variety of winter garlic “Strelets” developed as a result of clonal selection from local sample acquired in the Altai Territory. The variety trial revealed high seed production of this cultivar. The cultivar is characterized by the big air bulbils and other valuable features.

December 3, 2015 Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev, celebrated its remarkable 150-year anniversary. It is the world's leading educational, scientific, methodical center of agricultural education in Russia. It is Alma mater of the scientific and human potential of the domestic agricultural sector. As part of the anniversary celebration, the series of ceremonial events have been held in the institute. The central event was the opening of the monument to N.I. Vavilov, a memorial plaque in honor of the Academy of Education, a solemn meeting of the Academic Council, which were announced numerous congratulations and awarded diplomas and honorary doctors of the mantle, a grand concert at the State Kremlin Palace.

Momordica (Momordica charantia L.) is unconventional crop of the Cucurbitaceae family for the central regions of the Russian. Fruits of this crop have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect. The influence of promising growth regulators from plants on the qualitative composition of fruits momordika has been studied. The positive effect of leaf extract yakon as phytoregulator on productivity increasing and fruit quality of momordika is shown.

The total content of watersoluble antioxidants in the rhizomes of garden iris varies depending on the hardiness of the variety. Domestic varieties have better winter hardiness than varieties of foreign breeding. The amount of antioxidant content in the rhizomes at the winter-hardy varieties of iris garden after wintering is significantly reduced. The direct positive correlation between of the average degree of the total content of antioxidants in the rhizomes of iris garden and winter hardiness was revealed. The correlation coefficient is r=0,66. Therefore, the total content of water-soluble antioxidants in the rhizomes of iris garden can be apply as a potential marker of long hardiness source material.

The knowledge of the biology and ecology of the dominant species of phytophages is necessary for optimization of crop protection. The turnip moth (Agrotis segetum) is one of these phytophages. It allows optimizing the existing approaches to limit the number of phytophages.

The nucleotide sequences of two strains of CMV isolated from cucumber and ageratum in the Primorsk region and one strain from pepper isolated in the North Korea have been studied. The phylogenetic linkages among isolated strains and strains of CMV from Genbank were revealed. The intragroup position of the isolated strains of CMV widespread in the Far East was specified.