Potato breeding in the Murmansk region

Relevance. Potatoes are a necessary agricultural crop in human nutrition, especially in northern conditions. Having a unique chemical composition, potatoes are a valuable food product in the diet of the population. The main focus of breeding work in the Murmansk region remains the creation of early and medium-early varieties of table potatoes. When creating new high-yielding varieties adapted to local agro-climatic conditions, it is necessary to carefully select parent forms that have genetic diversity.
The purpose of this study is to create a new source material for breeding work in the conditions of the North.
methods.
Material and Methods. In 2014, potato culture (Solanum tuberosum L.) hybridization was carried out on the territory of the Polar Experimental Station VIR branch as part of the dissertation work. Seedlings were grown using the seedling method and regularly selected. 32 hybrids of successful combinations were identified in the Murmansk region. For a comprehensive assessment of hybrids, systematic phenological observations were carried out, and to identify the potential of new hybrids, they were evaluated according to their main economic and biological characteristics (the harvest was taken into account during early and final harvesting, including the structure of the crop). A visual assessment of the underlying diseases was performed in the field and during storage. Starch was determined in the laboratory. All basic accounting is carried out according to the basic VIR
Results and discussion. The best 32 breeding hybrids of the Polar Experimental Station were studied, and an assessment of breeding work in the conditions of the North was given. The hybrid material was compared with the standard Khibiny early variety. The assessment of the passage of phenological phases revealed the following: on average, for hybrids, shoots occurred on the 13th day after planting, budding on the 32nd day after planting, flowering and berry formation on the 43rd and 51st days after planting. Yields varied over the years and strongly depend on meteorological conditions.

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