Technological assessment in domestic selection material of sugar beet

Relevance. The technological qualities of the root crops in the sugar beet parent components affect the hybrids properties obtained from them. In this regard, a comprehensive analysis of the technological indicators of the parent forms and hybrid combinations in breeding studies is necessary. In addition to the sugar content, which determines the raw materials quality during processing at sugar beet factories, the content of alkaline sodium, potassium, and alphaamine nitrogen ions is traditionally studied. These ions collectively reflect the total content of molasses-forming non-sugars in sugar beets, as the concentration of these elements affects the loss of sugar in molasses and the yield of sugar during the processing of root crops.
Material and methods. The work was carried out at the All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet and Sugar named after A.L. Mazlumov in 2022-2023. The object of research was the roots of 25 breeding samples of sugar beet (selected by the All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet and Sugar named after A.L. Mazlumov, in four repetitions – 100 samples) in comparison with the foreign hybrid Mitika (Lion Seeds LTD). The study included field experiments and laboratory analysis. To assess the technological indicators of the root crops of the studied breeding material, an express method was used in the laboratory of analytical assessment of the technological quality of sugar beet. This method involves the production of digests using the automated Venema line and the determination of sugar content, potassium, sodium, and α-amine nitrogen using the automated Betalyser sugar beet analysis line.
Results. From the total number of the studied breeding samples, the best ones were selected in terms of technological qualities, which have low sugar losses in molasses (1.40-1.67%), high values of sugar yield (12.76-13.85%), its extraction coefficient during processing (82.6985.11%), and sugar content (15.43-16.32%). The content of non-sugars in the studied samples was at the standard level or below it.
Conclusion. The obtained results allow to use the selected numbers in further breeding work. It is recommended to check the cross-fertile pollinators for their combinational ability.

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