The research of organizational and technological conditions for small-scale production of salad onions

Relevance. For salad onions, long vegetation period is characteristic that is why it is necessary to grow onion seedling during 50-55 days. It makes more complicated growing for a vegetable-gardener. On the other side, there is a limited market during realization and poor storage that excludes the perspective of large special salad onions growing. The purpose of this work is to justify the increasing of salad onion cultivation and realization by organization of small-scale produce of specific farms.

Materials and methods. On the first stage of the work, the preliminary comparative research of onions of Russian State Agrarian University Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy selection «Salatnyy rozovyy TSKHA» and «Exhibition» was made according to generally accepted field-laboratory methods.

Results. The received results shown that domestic sample is not as productive as «Exhibition», but is of interest for a customer, because of its weight interval up to 300 gr (more than 60 % of onion bulbs), while «Exhibition» about 18 %. The expedience of salad onion seedlings in the cassettes with a small volume of cells of 21 cm3 is confirmed. During field-laboratory researches was specified the cultivation technol­ogy of salad onion on beds, including placing of plants, combined foliar feedings, protection of plants from diseases and pests and other operations. These practices were used during a work in the farm. On the second stage together with the specialists of the farm the technology of salad onions growing and realization was used by example of sort Exhibition.

Conclusion. Placement scheme of onion plants on beds was suggested, the original method of the com­bined irrigation is used: furrow irrigation, overhead and point-drip watering, a simple and effective method of root feedings of onion plants was found, etc. The suggested technology can be used in field also with plant seedlings manually or by special machines of Ferrari type. This way of growing and real­ization of seedling is perspective, which is proved by our researches. Great attention is paid to questions related to sales market of onions and onion seedling. The capacity for the farm is defined.

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