Selection of promising perennial onion varieties as sources of early maturity and yield for growing greens in the North Caucasus

Relevance. Perennial onions are an exceptional product of fresh greens. Biological features of onions and methods of their cultivation allow to obtain cheap fresh products, rich in vitamins with high commercial qualities. Plants of perennial onions, having a rich chemical composition, are widely known for their healing properties, are used in nutrition, are raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry. Being a valuable vegetable crop, perennial onions are not very com­mon, are grown in a small assortment and on small areas. To popularize and interest in grow­ing this crop, increase demand and consumption of fresh products, it is necessary to study and select valuable varieties of interest for obtaining early greens. This will expand and enrich the varietal diversity of the perennial onion crop. The aim of the research was to study collection varieties of perennial onions, identify sources of high marketability, quality of green leaf yield, frost resistance, late bolting, early regrowth, resistance to diseases and pests, necessary for obtaining early greens.

Methods. The initial material was 46 variety samples of 5 types of perennial onion of different ecological and geographical origin from the VIR collection and 5 varieties approved for use in the Russian Federation. The studies were conducted on the site of the Krymsk EBS, VIR Branch (Krasnodar Region, Krymsk).

Results. As a result of studying the phenological, biological, and morphological characteris­tics, an assessment was made of perennial onion varieties based on a set of economically valu­able traits: early maturity and yield of commercial products.

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