Biochemical composition of onions and shallots when grown in winter-spring period

Relevance. In winter, the most useful vegetable for humans is the leaves of onions. As a green crop, onion is characterized by high yield, early maturity, and possesses the necessary bioactive phytochemicals – vitamins, organic acids, minerals for the healthy benefit. The purpose of our research was to assess the quality of leaves of onion and shallot cultivars of onion breeding FSBSI FSVC in winter-spring season.

Material and Methods. The material for the study were onion cultivars Zolotnichok, Chornyy Prints, Myachkovsky 300, Rosario, Sputnik and shallot cultivar Cascade. Planting for greens was carried out in a glazed winter greenhouse in February in seedling boxes with peat soil "bridge" method. For planting onions of 22,1-40,0 mm fraction were used. Biochemical parameters were analyzed: dry matter content, total content of water-soluble antioxidants and antioxidants in alcohol extract, polyphenols and photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of onions and shallot.

Results. Qualitative analysis of products for the content of dry matter, monosaccharides, sum of water-soluble antioxidants, ascorbic acid showed that the maximum content of biochemical substances was observed in shallot. The content of polyphenols and sum of antioxidants in the alcoholic extract, as well as the amount of photosynthetic pigments differed and depended on the sample.

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