Роль минеральных элементов в питании растений земляники садовой

Актуальность. Увеличение мирового производства плодов земляники садовой обусловлено высокой востребованностью продукции для потребления в свежем виде, а также в качестве сырья для переработки. Лидирующими странами являются: КНР, США, Турция, Египет, Мексика, Испания, Россия, Польша, Южная Корея, Бразилия. Наращивание объёмов производства обеспечивается за счет высокой продуктивности новых сортов и интенсификации технологий выращивания культуры земляники и в частности питания растений. Возможность управления питанием растений земляники садовой является одной из приоритетных задач от решения которой зависит реализация потенциала продуктивности растений, а также качество получаемой продукции Роль многих макрои микроэлементов в питании растений до конца не изучена. Проводятся многочисленные исследования по выявлению механизмов их поглощения и перемещения в растениях земляники. Изучаются новые формы удобрений, позволяющие эффективно влиять на процессы роста и развития растений, минимизировать воздействие на окружающую среду.
Результаты. Статья посвящена обзору роли основных минеральных макрои микроэлементов в питании растений, какими являются азот, фосфор, калий, магний, кальций, железо, кремний, молибден. На основе анализа литературных источников рассмотрено влияние отдельных минеральных элементов на физиологические процессы, связанные с ростом и развитием земляники садовой. Приведены сведения о реакции растений на оптимальное содержание, избыток и дефицит отдельных элементов, возможности их поступления и усвоения растениями земляники садовой. Применение на практике мирового опыта по управлению минеральным питанием может значительно улучшить существующие технологии возделывания земляники в открытом и защищённом грунте. 

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