The influence of weather conditions on the yield and biochemical composition of melon fruits in the Volgograd Trans-Volga region

The priority direction in melon breeding is the creation of new competitively capable varieties that combine resistance to adverse environmental factors with valuable economic characteristics.

Materials and methods. The object of the study is melon varieties 599 and 595. The purpose of this study is to study the influence of weather conditions on the yield and biochemical composition of the studied melon varieties in the conditions of the Volgograd Volga region. The research was carried out at the Bykovskaya melon breeding experimental station for three years according to the developed methods, the Osen variety was used as a standard.

Results. The article presents the results of the influence of weather conditions on yield, fruit weight, and also presents an analysis of the biochemical composition of melon fruits. A complete description of the studied melon varieties is given. In terms of yield, the high indicators for cultivars 599 and 595 were in 2020 with the totals of average monthly active temperatures of 114°C and precipitation totals of 178 mm, and amounted to 19.0 t/ha and 21.3 t/ha. According to the content of dry matter in the fruit juice, according to the results of studies, it was seen that with the greatest amount of moisture, the indicators were higher in 2018 with a precipitation rate of 296 mm in cultivars 599 – 13.6%, in 595 – 13.2%, than in 2019 with a norm of 272.6 mm 599 – 12.0% in 595 – 11.6%. Thus, we can conclude that these melon varieties meet the modern requirements of the industrial melon industry.

1. Malueva S.V., Bocherova I.N. The influence of weather conditions on the yield and biochemical composition of watermelon. Vegetable crops of Russia. 2020;(3):31-35. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2020-3-31-35

2. Kozlovskaya E.A., Pyshnaya O.N., Mamedov M.I., Djos E.A., Mitrofanova O.A. Intra-varietal crossing as method to improve adaptation characteristics in initial breeding accessions. Vegetable crops of Russia. 2017;(5):18-20. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2017-5-18-20

3. Kesh H., Kaushik P. Advances in melon (Cucumis melo L.) breeding: An update. Scientia Horticulturae. 2021;(282):45-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110045

4. Farcuh M., Copes B., Le-Navenec G., Marroquin Ju., Jaunet Th., Chi-Ham C., Cantu D., Bradford K.J., Van Deynze A.. Texture diversity in melon (Cucumis melo L.): Sensory and physical assessments. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 2019;(159):24-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2019.111024

5. Soldatenko A.V. Ecological aspects of regulation of accumulation of radionuclides by vegetable plants. M., 2019. 334 p. (In Russ.)

6. Bocharova I.N., Malueva S.V., Shiyanov K.V. Comparative evaluation of watermelon varieties in competitive variety testing. Collection of the scientific and practical conference: Strategy of agricultural development in modern conditions continuation of the scientific heritage of G.E. Listopad, academician of the VASHNIL (RASKHN), Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor. Volgograd. 2019;(1):14-147. (In Russ.)

7. Electronic resource – ru.blabto.com. Melon crops: species, cultivation, pest control.

8. Ryabchikova N.B., Koleboshina T.G., Shaposhnikov D.S., Guzenko O.V. The influence of mineral fertilizers on the development, yield and quality of melon fruits. Collection of scientific papers. Agro-industrial complex development based on the principles of rational nature management and application of convergent technologies. 2019;(1):172-179. (In Russ.)

9. Baibakova N.G., Varivoda E.A., Koleboshina T.G. Characteristics of new population of melon breeding Bikovskaya experimental station. Vegetable crops of Russia. 2019;(5):42-45. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2019-5-42-45

10. Belik V.F., Bondarenko G.L. Methodology of field experience in vegetable growing. M., 1979. 210 p. (In Russ.)

11. Lizgunova T.V., Kvasnikov B.V. Methodological guidelines for the selection of varieties and heterotic hybrids of vegetable crops. L., 1974. (In Russ.)

12. Litvinov S.S. Methodology of field experience in vegetable growing. M., Russian Agricultural Academy. 2011. 125 p. (In Russ.)

13. Fursa T.B. Selection of melon crops. Methodical instructions. L., 1988. 78 p. (In Russ.)