DISEASES OF BROAD BEANS CAUSED BY MICROSCOPIC FUNGI
https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2018-3-99-104
Abstract
The unique biochemical composition of broad bean seeds (Vicia faba L. var. major Harz) makes them a promising vegetable crop. The quantity and quality of the yield of beans depends to a large extent on the mycoses caused by microscopic fungi. The aim of the work was to study the diseases of broad beans caused by microscopic fungi in the soil and climatic conditions of the South Central zone of the region. At the Botanical garden BelSU (Belgorod) on a natural infectious background were grown and studied of different broad beans varieties Belarusian, Velena, Russian black, Aquadulche. In some years, the prevalence of Alternaria leaf spot was 8-57%, but the lack of yield did not exceed 12%. Fusarium wilt was spread to 90%, with a disease development index of up to 82% and a loss of yield of 16-64%. In cases of mixed infection (fusariosis + alternariosis, fusariosis + chocolate spot) on plants in the budding-flowering phase (before and after the phase of fruit formation), the destruction of affected plants was noted. The spread of mixed infection was prevented by dry weather during the development of plant generative organs. The development of bean leaf and pod spot, which reduced the productivity by no more than 15%, contributed to the dry period of bean growth. Chocolate spot (not marked on varieties Russian black and Velena) and blackish spotting were noted not on all grades and not annually, reducing the yield of beans by 2-10%. In general, over the years of research, the lowest losses of yield from mycoses are noted for the Belarusian.
About the Author
Yu. N. Kurkina
Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Belgorod State National Research University»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology
308015, Belgorod, Pobeda st., 85
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Review
For citations:
Kurkina Yu.N. DISEASES OF BROAD BEANS CAUSED BY MICROSCOPIC FUNGI. Vegetable crops of Russia. 2018;(3):99-104. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2018-3-99-104
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