The influence of doses of mineral and organic fertilizers on the yield of corn grain under drip irrigation

Purpose: to study the effect of doses of mineral and organic fertilizers on the yield of corn grain during drip irrigation. Methods. Research was carried out in 2023-2024. at the experimental site of the Biryuchekutskaya OSOS, located in the Rostov region. Scheme of experience: option 1 N240P120K170 (application rate of mineral fertilizers calculated for the planned yield of 10 t/ha (control)); option 2 N190P100K120 + 10 t of manure + 15 t of green manure; option 3 N190P100K120 + 20 t of manure; option 4 N190P100K120 + 30 t of green manure. Hybrid Zernogradsky 354 MV is mid-maturing.
Results. It was determined that the largest leaf surface area and linear growth of corn per grain were achieved in the second embodiment, where both mineral and organic fertilizers were used. In the phase of MV ripeness in 2023, these indicators amounted to 120.5 thousand m[2] /ha in leaf area and 221.7 cm in height, and in 2024 102.4 thousand m[2] /ha and 206.7 cm, respectively. These results are higher than the control case: in 2023, the difference was 17,4 thousand m[2] /ha in area and 17.1 cm in height, and in 2024 16,7 thousand m[2] /ha and 23.3 cm. Corn yield in the second option exceeded the control option by 54,4% in 2023 and 53.7% in 2024. On the third option with the introduction of mineral fertilizers and 20 tons of manure, these indicators correspond to: in 2023 112.8 thousand m[2] /ha and 213.4 cm, and in 2024 94.3 thousand m[2] /ha and 196.5 cm, which is 9.4 and 4.3% in 2023, and in 2024 by 10.0 and 7.1% higher in relation to control. The yield in this option exceeded control by 53.3% in 2023 and by 32.9% in 2024. In the fourth option with the introduction of mineral fertilizers and 30 tons of green mass of seedlings, these indicators were obtained: in 2023 108.2 thousand m2/ha and 209.2 cm, and in 2024 90.6 thousand m[2] /ha and 188.2 cm, which exceeds the control option in 2023 by 4.9 and 2.2%, and in 2024 by 5.7 and 2.6%. Yields in this variant exceeded the benchmark by 36.7% in 2023 and by 35.4% in 2024. Conclusions. Based on field studies, it was found that the best results in terms of leaf surface area, linear growth and corn yield were achieved in the world version, where both mineral and organic fertilizers were used. Options three and four also showed positive results, but they turned out to be significantly less effective compared to the second option. 

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