On diseases of Vigna angularis Ohwi & H.Ohashi (1969) ( Fabaceae Lindl., 1836) in Primorsky kray

Relevance. The adzuki bean ( Vigna angularis ) is a good source of protein, essential fatty acids, fiber, minerals (especially calcium and iron), and phytochemical compounds such as polyphenols and phytates. The adzuki bean shows great promise as a functional food for health promotion and disease prevention, owing to its rich nutritional and functional properties. However, despite the popularity of this crop in Primorsky kray, the data on plant disease incidence and the composition of pathogens in the region are lacking. This determined the goal of our study. Materials and Methods. The research was conducted under the soil and climatic conditions of Vozdvizhenka v., Primorsky kray in 2023-2025. Adzuki bean seeds were sown at a depth of 4-5 cm in the middle of May. The sowing plan was 10×30-40 cm. The mycological examination of leaves and roots collars was carried out employing the following techniques: the moist chamber method, culturing on Sabouraud agar (with 4-6 replicates), and microscopy. The mycological examination of rhizosphere was conducted on Sabouraud agar with 6 replicates. The underground parts were washed, dried, and cut into 1 cm long segments. The segments were sterilized in a 0.5% solution of potassium permanganate for 10 minutes, rinsed under running water, and placed onto the nutrient medium at 10 segments per Petri dish. After a 7-day incubation period at 24°C, the composition of root rot pathogens was assessed using an Axiolab 5.0 microscope. The pathogens were identified based on morphological characteristics using the Mycobank database.
Results. Our research established that the pathogenic mycobiota in Primorsky kray includes the following genera: Fusarium , Aspergillus , Alternaria , Phytophthora , Septoria , Cercospora , and Botrytis . The most prevalent genera in the adzuki bean rhizosphere mycobiota were Fusarium and Botrytis , along with representatives of the genus Phytophthora . The diversity of the pathogenic mycobiota on the adzuki bean leaves and the infection rate changed throughout the growing season. Analysis of the adzuki bean seeds obtained in this study revealed that the most prevalent fungi were Septoria , Cercospora , and Fusarium , along with oomycetes of the genus Phytophthora . Thus, the predominant micromycetes on Vigna angularis in Primorsky kray are the fungi Fusarium , Septoria , and Cercospora , along with the oomycete Phytophthora . To prevent the development of epiphytotics and yield loss, further research is needed to develop control measures against adzuki bean pathogens and to breed varieties with high resistance to the aforementioned pathogens. 

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