Effect of genotype and growth regulators on the effectiveness of callusogenesis and regeneration in anther culture of rice in vitro

   Relevance. The biotechnological method of the anther culture in vitro allows to obtain pure lines in a short time and thereby to reduce the selection period. The response of the rice hybrids Oryza sativa L. to the anther culture is genetically determined and differs at different stages of in vitro cultivation. The growth regulators auxins and cytokinins are the factors inducing somatic embryogenesis. In this regard, in addition to selecting genotypes that respond well to in vitro culture, it is necessary to use plant growth regulators that increase the induction of embryoidogenesis and plant regeneration during the cultivation of rice anthers.

   The aim of the study. To study the effect of genotype, plant growth regulators and additional stimulator AgNO₃ on the induction of callusogenesis, embryoidogenesis and regeneration of green rice plants in the culture of anthers in vitro of rice hybrids and to optimize their concentrations in relation to the studied genotypes.

   Methodology. The studies were carried out in the laboratory of biotechnology and molecular biology of the "FSC of rice" according to the generally accepted in vitro method of Butenko R.G. (1990). The study
used F_1-3 rice hybrids.

   Conclusion. A statistically significant effect of the interaction between genotype, concentration, and type of plant hormones in the in vitro culture of rice anthers was revealed. It was found that the response of genotypes to successful shoot regeneration under in vitro conditions is determined by the combination and concentrations of exogenous and endogenous hormones, and differences in shoot regeneration among different genotypes under different hormone concentrations and additives may be related to the quality of the callus. Effective concentrations of auxins, cytokinins, and an additional growth stimulant were selected to accelerate the selection process.

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