Управление и экологические преимущества использования многоцелевых агролесомелиоративных пород деревьев в Эфиопии. Обзор
https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2025-1-82-87
Аннотация
Актуальность. Эфиопы имеют долгую историю возделывания деревьев, и они приняли идею сохранения естественных пород деревьев с многоцелевым использованием как отличительную черту своих сельскохозяйственных ландшафтов. Фермеры используют методы агролесоводства для поддержания ряда видов многоцелевых деревьев. Выбор видов деревьев, их предполагаемые экологические преимущества непостоянны из-за изменчивости агроэкологических условий. Основные проблемы использования многофункциональных пород деревьев в агролесоводстве Эфиопии также связаны с подходами к управлению. Поэтому цель этой статьи – изучить многоцелевые виды деревьев для агролесоводства в Эфиопии, методы их управления и их экологические преимущества.
Результаты. На юге Эфиопии основными многофункциональными видами деревьев, используемыми в Эфиопии, являются Cordia africana, Millettia ferruginea, Erythrina brucei и Olea capensis. В северной части Эфиопии произрастают Croton macrostachus, Vernonia amygdalina, Faidherbia albida, Acacia nilotica, Acacia seyal и Grewia bicolor. В Центральных нагорьях Эфиопии также выращивают Albizia gummifera, Cordia africana, Croton macrostachus, Ficus vasta и Vernonia amygdalina. Фермеры используют различные методы выращивания и обрезки деревьев, чтобы сбалансировать выживание интегрированных культур, поскольку деревья восстанавливаются естественным образом. Использование многоцелевых деревьев дает ряд агроэкологических преимуществ, таких как повышение плодородия почвы, смягчение эрозии, смягчение последствий изменения климата и поддержание биологического разнообразия.
Ключевые слова
Об авторах
К. Х. Биру
Эфиопский центр развития лесного хозяйства Хавасса, программа исследований плантаций
Эфиопия
Эфиопия
Касу Хайлу Биру – исследователь
Аддис-Абеба
У. Черу
Эфиопский центр развития лесного хозяйства Джимма
Эфиопия
Эфиопия
Урге Черу – исследователь
Аддис-Абеба
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Рецензия
Для цитирования:
Биру К.Х., Черу У. Управление и экологические преимущества использования многоцелевых агролесомелиоративных пород деревьев в Эфиопии. Обзор. Овощи России. 2025;(1):82-87. https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2025-1-82-87
For citation:
Biru K.H., Cheru U. Management and Ecological Services of Multipurpose Agroforestry Tree Species in Ethiopia. Review. Vegetable crops of Russia. 2025;(1):82-87. https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2025-1-82-87
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