Practical application of heterosis on yield evidence and fruits biochemical composition for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in open ground
https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2024-5-18-25
Abstract
Relevance. The research is devoted to studying the peculiarities of the high-parent heterosis manifestation which connected with yield traits and the biochemical composition of tomato fruits.
Materials and Methods. The work was carried out in 2021–2023 in open field conditions on the experimental plot of the Belarusian State Agricultural Academy (Mogilev region, Belarus). The objects of research were 30 F1 hybrids and 11 parental forms with different levels of economically valuable traits and with the specific set of genes for pathogen resistance and lycopene accumulation. The aim of the research was to create high-yield heterotic F1 tomato hybrids, adapted to open field conditions in Belarus, with a valuable biochemical composition of fruits.
Results. The best hybrid combinations showed an early yield of 0.90–2.49 kg/m2, a marketable yield of 7.50–11.40 kg/m2, and a total yield of 8.22–13.12 kg/m2. High heterosis effect was established for early (88.9–291.0%), marketable (36.0–111.2%), and total (28.6–97.8%) yield in some hybrids. Significant differences in the accumulation of dry matter, carotene, and soluble carbohydrates were ascertained between the hybrids. Hybrid combinations with the highest value of true heterosis on accumulation of dry matter (18.3–21.6%), carotene (20.2–22.9%), and soluble carbohydrates (15.7–38.9%) were identified. Inheritance of early, marketable and total yield, dry matter content, carotene and soluble carbohydrates predominantly took place according to the positive overdominance, fruit weight – according to the intermediate inheritance, vitamin C content – according to the negative overdominance. Hybrids Brusnichny F1, Mansiata F1, Rada F1 were transferred to the State Inspection for Testing and Protection of Plant Varieties of the Republic of Belarus and successfully passed the testing stage in 2023.
About the Authors
I. G. Puhachova
Belarusian State Agricultural Academy
Belarus
Belarus
Iryna G. Puhachova – Ph.D. (Agriculturе), Associate Professor of the Department of the Agricultural Biotechnology, Ecology and Radiology
5 Michurina Str., Gorki, 213407
A. V. Frantsuzionak
Belarusian State Agricultural Academy
Belarus
Belarus
Anastasiya V. Frantsuzionak – Ph.D. student of the Department of the Agricultural Biotechnology, Ecology and Radiology
5 Michurina Str., Gorki, 213407
I. Е. Bayeva
Belarusian State Agricultural Academy
Belarus
Belarus
Iryna Е. Bayeva – Ph.D. (Agriculturе), Chief of the Academic-scientific-investigation Genetics Laboratory
5 Michurina Str., Gorki, 213407
O. G. Babak
Institute of Genetics and Cytology of National Academy of Science of Belarus
Belarus
Belarus
Olga G. Babak – Ph.D (Biology), Assistant Professor, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Ecological Genetics and Biotechnology
27, Academicheskaya st., Minsk, 220072
A. V. Kilchevsky
Institute of Genetics and Cytology of National Academy of Science of Belarus
Belarus
Belarus
Alexander V. Kilchevsky – Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor, Scientific Director of the Laboratory of Environmental Genetics and Biotechnology
27, Academicheskaya st., Minsk, 220072
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Review
For citations:
Puhachova I.G., Frantsuzionak A.V., Bayeva I.Е., Babak O.G., Kilchevsky A.V. Practical application of heterosis on yield evidence and fruits biochemical composition for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in open ground. Vegetable crops of Russia. 2024;(5):18-25. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2024-5-18-25
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