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Ecological testing of Volgograd and Krasnodar variety of watermelon breeding in different zones of the south of Russia

https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2022-4-17-22

Abstract

Relevance. In order to form a targeted assortment of watermelon for specific soil and climatic conditions, an assessment was made and the results of the ecological adaptability of varieties bred by FSBSI “FNTs Rice” and Bykovskaya BSOS in different zones of melon growing were obtained.

Methodology. The object of the study is watermelon varieties bred by two research institutions. Tests were carried out in three agroecological zones: Astrakhan, Volgograd regions and Krasnodar region. Agrotechnical measures were applied in accordance with the recommendations adopted for the study area.

Results. Despite different soil and climatic conditions of cultivation, all varieties showed high potential yield, regularity and stability of fruiting, controlled by the genotype of the varieties. Varieties of watermelon are able to form a high yield in dry areas. Meteorological conditions during the growing period influenced the length of the growing season. From germination to ripening, the varieties of the early ripeness group showed an increase of up to 5...15 days, in the group of varieties of medium and late ripening up to 20...49 days. The spread in the limits of biometric indicators and fruit weight depended on weather conditions, but was within the varietal parameters. The factor of growing conditions did not influence the accumulation of dry soluble substances in the fruit pulp. Marketability of harvested fruits is 80…90% with high taste qualities. The results of the tests have shown that the varieties of the Krasnodar and Volgograd breeding show adaptability to the specific conditions of the region. Using them will make it possible to minimize losses from the weather conditions of the growing season and obtain stable and high yields. 

About the Authors

V. E. Lazko
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Research Center of Rice"
Russian Federation

Viktor E. Lazko – Leading Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Melon and Onion Crops 

3, Belozerny settlement, Krasnodar Territory, Krasnodar, 350921



E. A. Varivoda
Bikovskaya cucurbits breeding experimental station – branch of the Federal state budgetary scientific institution "Federal scientific vegetable center" (BCBES – branch of the FSBSI FSVC)
Russian Federation

Elena A. Varivoda – Senior Researcher

Researcher ID U-7561-2018
Scopus ID 57216612595

11, Sirenevaya str., p. Zeleny, Bykovsky district, Volgograd region, 404067



O. V. Yakimova
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Research Center of Rice"
Russian Federation

Olga V. Yakimova – Researcher

3, Belozerny settlement, Krasnodar Territory, Krasnodar, 350921



E. V. Kovaleva
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Research Center of Rice"
Russian Federation

Ekaterina V. Kovaleva – Leading Agronomist for seed production

3, Belozerny settlement, Krasnodar Territory, Krasnodar, 350921



I. N. Bocherova
Bikovskaya cucurbits breeding experimental station – branch of the Federal state budgetary scientific institution "Federal scientific vegetable center" (BCBES – branch of the FSBSI FSVC)
Russian Federation

Irina N. Bocherova – Researcher

Researcher ID ABG-7016-2021

11, Sirenevaya str., p. Zeleny, Bykovsky district, Volgograd region, 404067



R. K. Kovalev
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Research Center of Rice"
Russian Federation

Roman K. Kovalev – Head of the Volga stronghold

3, Belozerny settlement, Krasnodar Territory, Krasnodar, 350921



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Review

For citations:


Lazko V.E., Varivoda E.A., Yakimova O.V., Kovaleva E.V., Bocherova I.N., Kovalev R.K. Ecological testing of Volgograd and Krasnodar variety of watermelon breeding in different zones of the south of Russia. Vegetable crops of Russia. 2022;(4):17-22. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2022-4-17-22

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ISSN 2072-9146 (Print)
ISSN 2618-7132 (Online)