Possibilities of using leaves cultivated chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) as a medicinal plant material (review)
https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2021-4-105-110
Abstract
Common chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is widely known as a food plant. However, in folk medicine in many countries, the roots and leaves of chicory are used as a choleretic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic agent. In this regard, a promising direction of research is a detailed study of the biological characteristics and chemical composition of this plant in order to substantiate its use for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. The article presents an analysis of the available information on the botanical classification and biological characteristics, agricultural technology, chemical composition and the use of the aerial part of the cultivated common chicory in scientific and folk medicine. Possible resources for collecting chicory leaves are wild-growing populations, as well as varieties of root chicory, which is grown in Russia as an industrial crop. Under natural conditions, chicory occupies disturbed habitats characterized by low soil fertility, pollution with heavy metals, and increased competition with other ruderal plants. While in the conditions of culture, the best agroecological conditions for growing plants are provided, accelerating their development and contributing to accumulation of biologically active substances in greater quantities, compared with wild ones. In this regard, a promising direction of research is to study the influence of various factors (illumination, temperature, weather conditions, agrotechnical measures, varietal characteristics, growth regulators) on the content, qualitative composition and dynamics of the accumulation of biologically active compounds in the leaves of cultivated common chicory.
About the Authors
P. O. Mavrina
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Polina O. Mavrina – Junior Researcher Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds
7, Grin st., Moscow, 117216
O. L. Saybel
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Olga L. Saybel – Cand Sci. (Pharmaceuticals), Head. Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds
7, Grin st., Moscow, 117216
E. L. Malankina
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Elena L. Malankina – Doc. Sci. (Agriculture), Professor, Chief Researcher Laboratories Botanical Garden
7, Grin st., Moscow, 117216
References
1. Das S., Vasudeva N., Sharma S. Cichorium intybus: A concise report on its ethnomedicinal, botanical, and phytopharmacological aspects. Drug Dev. Ther. 2016;7(1):1-12. DOI:10.4103/2394-6555.180157
2. Barcaccia G., Lucchin M., Lazzarin R, Parrini P. Relationships among radicchio (Cichorium intybus L.) types grown in Veneto and diversity between local varieties and selected lines an assessed by molecular markers. In: Th.J.L. van Hintum, A. Lebeda, D. Pink, J.W. Schut eds. Eucarpia Leafy Vegetables. Centre for Genetic Resources, The Netherlands (CGN). 2003. Р.105-110. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267371747 (дата обращения: 12.04.2021)
3. Dragan Z., Joze O., Stanislav T. Plant characteristics for distinction of red chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. silvestre Bisch.) cultivars grown in central Slovenia. Acta Agric. Slov. 2004;(83):251-260. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290486874 (дата обращения: 12.04.2021).
4. Wang Q., Cui J. Perspectives and utilization technologies of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.): A review. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2011;10(11):1966-1977. DOI: 10.5897/AJB10.587
5. Kiers A.M. Endive, Chicory and Their Wild Relatives, a Systematic and Phylogenetic Study of Cichorium (Asteraceae). Universiteit Leiden: Leiden, The Netherlands, 2000.
6. Barcaccia G., Ghedina A., Lucchin M. Current Advances in Genomics and Breeding of Leaf Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.). Agriculture. 2016;6(50). DOI:10.3390/agriculture6040050;
7. Tsvelev N.N. [Genus Chicory – Cichorium] // Flora USSR. In 30 vol. / Initiated with the guidance and under the main editorship acad. V.L. Komarov. Moscow-Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, 1964. Vol. XXIX. P.14-20. (In Russ.)
8. Gubanov I.A. et al. Cichorium intybus L. – Common cichory. Illustrated Manual of plants of Middle Russia. In 3 vol. Moscow: Scientific publications partnership KMK, Institute of Technological Research, 2004. Vol. 3. P.371. [In Russ.]
9. Semenikhin I.D., Semenikhin V.I. Medicinal plants cultivated in Russia. Vol. 2. Moscow, 2015. 312 p. (In Russ.
10. Shevchenko YU.P., Kharchenko V.A., Ushakova I.T., Kurbakov E.L. [Salad cichory - witloof]. Vegetable crops of Russia. 2016;(2):64-67. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.18619/2072-9146-2016-2-64-67
11. Pertuzé R., Bravo R., Silva P. Radicchio (Cichorium intybus L.) variety selection for the Chilean central area. Scientia Horticulturae. 2016;(198):197-206. DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2015.11.031
12. Aly E.F.A., Soha R.A. Khalil Effect of harvest age on growth, yield and quality of two root chicory varieties (Cichorium intybus L.) under egyptian condition. J. Plant Production, Mansoura Univ. 2017;8(8):887-893. DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2017.40887
13. Belyavskaya I.G. Antioxidant properties of bakery products from wheat flour using nontraditional raw materials. Theoretical aspects of storage and processing of agricultural products. 2018;(3):8-19. (In Russ.)
14. Khairullina Z.A., Kanarskii A.V., Sviridova T.V. Study of the carbohydrate composition of chicory products. Bull. VGUIT. 2016$(2):230-232. (In Russ.) DOI:10.20914/2310-1202-2016-2-230-232
15. Badretdinova Z.A., Kanarskii A.V. Effect of chicory carbohydrates on biomass accumulation of Bifidobacterium bifidum. Technological University Bulletin. 2015;18(13):202-204. (In Russ.)
16. Bilyshchuk L.N. Dynamics of changes in the indicators of mineral metabolism in the oral cavity under the influence of the use of caries-prophylactic complexes in children with a reduced mineralizing potential of the oral fluid. Innovations in dentistry. 2015;(3):70-74. (In Russ.)
17. Den'ga A.EH., Makarenko O.A. Experimental substantiation of application of a therapeutic and prophylactic complex for accompanying orthodontic treatment of dentoalveolar anomalies in children with initial dental caries. Bulletin of dentistry. 2013;(2):22-25. (In Russ.)
18. Stupak E.P. Periodontal protection effect of antidisbiotic drugs in experimental dysbiosis in rats. Bulletin of VDNZU «Ukrainian Medical Dental Academy». Vol. 12. № 4 (40). P. 176-179. (In Russ.)
19. Skidan K.V. Influence of biologically active substances on the state of the periodontium in rats with experimental dysbiosis. Bulletin of dentistry. 2009;(2):2-5. (In Russ.)
20. Kroes B., Cimino G. Assessment report on Cichorium intybus L., radix. European Medicines Agency (EMA). 113041, 2010.
21. Dudchenko L.G., Koz'yakov A.S., Krivenko V.V. Spicy-aromatic and spicyflavoring plants: A Handbook. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1989. - 304 p. (In Russ.)
22. Al-Snafi A.E. Medical importance of Cichorium intybus - A review. IOSR J. of Pharm. 2016;6(3):41-56. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313742292 (дата обращения: 12.04.2021)
23. Judˇzentiene A., Budiene J. Volatile constituents from aerial parts and roots of Cichorium intybus L. (chicory) grown in Lithuania. Chemija. 2008;(19):25–28. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228914575 (дата обращения: 12.04.2021)
24. Sezik E., Yesilada E., Honda G., Takaishi Y., Takeda Y., Tanaka Т. Traditional medicine in Turkey. Folk medicine in Central Anatolia. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2001;75(23):95–115. DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(00)00399-8
25. Hanlidou Е., Karousou R., Kleftoyanni V., Kokkini S. The herbal market of Thessaloniki (Greece) and its relation to the ethnobotanical tradition. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2004;91(2-3):281–299. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2004.01.007
26. Street R.A., Sidana J., Prinsloo G. Cichorium intybus: traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology evidence-based. J. Complement. Altern. Med. 2015;(15). DOI: 10.1155/2013/579319
27. Saibel O.L., Dargaeva T.D., Pupykina K.A. Study of phenolic compounds of common chicory herb (Cichorium intybus L.). Bashkir Chemical Journal. 2016;23(1):53-58. (In Russ.)
28. Anju Javed G., Javaid R., Ahmed F. Kasni (Cichorium intybus): A Unani Hepatoprotective Drug. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2020;10(4):238-241. DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v10i4.4162
29. Shad M.A., Nawaz H., Rehman T., Ikram N. Determination of some biochemicals, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of different parts of Cichorium intybus L.: a comparative study. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences. 2013;23(4):1060-1066. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285962696 (дата обращения: 13.04.2021)
30. Golubkina N.A., Shevchenko YU.P., Kharchenko V.A., Kosheleva O.V., Soldatenko A.V. Biochemical characteristic and element composition of Cichorium intybus, Konus cultivar. Vegetable crops of Russia. 2019;(3):80-86. (In Russ.)
31. Saibel' O.L., Dargaeva T.D., Latypova G.M., Galkin E.G. Study of lipophilic compounds of herb and roots of chicory ordinary Cichorium intybus L.]. Acta Biomedica Scientifica. Experimental research in biology and medicine. 2015;5(105):72-74. (In Russ.)
32. Saibel' O.L., Chuparina E.V., Martynov A.M. [Study of the elemental composition of common chicory herb (Cichorium intybus L.). Eurasian Union of Scientists, Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2015;3(12):160-161. (In Russ.)
33. Malik B., Pirzadah T.B., Tahir I., Rehman R.U. Chemo-profiling, Antioxidant potential and Ionomic analysis of Cichorium intybus L. Pharmacog J. 2017;9(6):917-928. DOI: 10.5530/pj.2017.6.144
34. Saeed M., Abd El-Hack M.E., Alagawany M., Arain M.A., Arif M., Mirza M.A., Naveed M., Chao S., Sarwar M., Sayab M., Dhama K. Chicory (Cichorium intybus) herb: Chemical composition, pharmacology, nutritional and healthical applications. Int. J. Pharmacol. 2017;13(4):351-360. DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2017.351.360
35. Saibel' O.L., Dargaeva T.D., Pupykina K.A., Petrova I.V., Farkhutdinov R.R. Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the common chicory herb (Сichorium intybus L.). Acta Biomedica Scientifica. Experimental research in biology and medicine. 2017. Vol. 2. №2(114). P.85-88. (In Russ.)
36. Epure, A., Pârvu A.E., Vlase, L., Benedec D., Hanganu D., Gheldiu A.- M., Toma V.A., Oniga I. Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, Cardioprotective and Nephroprotective Activity of Romanian Chicory Extract. Plants. 2021;10(64). DOI: 10.3390/plants10010064
37. Nayeemunnisa A. Alloxan diabetes‑induced oxidative stress and impairment of oxidative defense system in rat brain: Neuroprotective effects of Cichorium intybus. Int. J. Diabetes Metab. 2009;(17):105-109
38. Zhang H.-L., Dai L.-H., Wu Y.-H., Yu X.-P., Zhang Y.-Y., Guan R.-F., Liu T., Zhao J. Evaluation of hepatocyteprotective and anti-hepatitis B virus properties of cichoric acid from Cichorium intybus leaves in cell culture. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2014;37(7):1214-1220. DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b14-00137
39. Janda K., Gutowska I., Geszke-Moritz M., Jakubczyk K. The Common Cichory (Cichorium intybus L.) as a Source of Extracts with Health-Promoting Properties – A Review. Molecules. 2021;(26):1814. DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061814
40. Saibel' O.L., Dargaeva T.D., Pupykina K.A. Study of the choleretic and hepatoprotective activity of the common chicory herb. Medical Bulletin of Bashkortostan. 2015;10.5(59):70-73. (In Russ.)
41. Al-Malki A.L., Abo-Golayel M.K. Hepatoprotective efficacy of chicory alone or combined with dandelion leaves against induced liver damage. Life Sci. J. 2013;10(4):140-157.
42. Aktay G., Deliorman D., Ergun E., Ergun F., Yesilada E., Cevik C. Hepatoprotective effects of Turkish folk remedies on experimental liver injury. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2000;(73):121-129. DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(00)00286-5
43. Asadi M., Mohammadi M., Mohammadian B., Shahriari A., Foruozandeh H. The protective effect of Cichorium intybus L. hydroalcoholic extract against methotrexate-induced oxidative stress in rats. Jundishapur J. Nat. Pharm. Prod. 2018;13(4). DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.59556
44. Baydaa H.A., Al-Saedi F., Salman A.E. Effects of Cichorium intybus methanolicextracts on some clinical bacterial isolates. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development. 2019;10(2). DOI:10.1016/j.fitote.2004.05.001
45. Faiku1 F., Haziri A., Mehmeti I., Bajrami D., Haziri I. Evaluation of antibacterial activity of different solvent extracts of Cichorium intybus (L.) growing wild in east part of Kosovo. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences. 2016;26(5):1486-149.
46. Afzal M., Shahid M., Mehmood Z., Bukhari S.A., Talpur M.M.A. Antimicrobial activity and GC-MS profiling of essential oil of Cichorium intybus. Asian Journal of Chemistry. 2014;26(2):531-536. DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2014.15667
47. Zare-Javid A., Forouzandeh F., Babaei H., Yousefi-manesh H., Haghighi-zadeh M.H., Ravanbakhsh M., Fayazi F. Impact of consumption of chicory leaf extract in adjunct with non-surgical periodontal therapy on serum antioxidant and lipid status in patients with periodontal disease: preliminary study. Nutrition and Food Sciences Research. 2016;3(2):11-20.
48. Hozayen W.G., El-Desouky M.A., Soliman H.A., Ahmed R.R., Khaliefa A.K. Antiosteoporotic effect of Petroselinum crispum, Ocimum basilicum and Cichorium intybus L. in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in rats. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2016;16(165). DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1140-y
49. Shah P., Nishan N., Patel A., Bhat C., Choudhary S., Shah R. Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial properties of chicory extract and chlorhexidine mouthwash against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Int. Dent. Med. J. Adv. Res. 2018;(4):1-4. DOI: 10.15713/ins.idmjar.93
50. Khandaker MD Sharifuddin Imam, Yingying Xie, Yusi Liu, Fengzhong Wang and Fengjiao Xin. Cytotoxicity of Cichorium intybus L. metabolites (Review). Oncology Reports. 2019;42(6). DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7336
51. Gehan F. Abdel Raoof, Mostafa E. Abdelfatah Cytotoxic activity, Molecular docking study and Phytochemical investigation on Cichorium intybus Herb. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry. 2021;64(2):761-772. DOI: 10.21608/EJCHEM.2020.44299.2896
52. Imam K., Xie. Y., Liu Y., Wang F., Xin F. Cytotoxicity of Cichorium intybus L. metabolites (Review). Oncology reports. 2019;42(6):2196-2212. DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7336
53. Ilaiyaraja N., Khanum F. Evaluation of antioxidant and toxicological properties of Chicory leaves. Int. J. Pharm. Biol. Arch. 2010;1(2):155-163. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277769075.
Review
For citations:
Mavrina P.O., Saybel O.L., Malankina E.L. Possibilities of using leaves cultivated chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) as a medicinal plant material (review). Vegetable crops of Russia. 2021;(4):105-110. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2021-4-105-110
Views:
882
Email this article 