Morphometric parameters of carrot seed quality and factors determining them.
https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2020-4-32-36
Abstract
Relevance.The contribution of varietal and environmental factors to the variability of the length of the endosperm and the embryo of carrot seeds was studied.
Materials and methods. The objects of study were the original seeds of Rogneda, Lubava and Chernozemochka, Chantene 2461 and Boyarynya varieties. The seeds were grown at the Voronezh and West Siberian experimental stations. The linear dimensions of the seed and endosperm were measured using a caliper. The length of the embryo was measured using a microscope (Micromed) and a video eyepiece (DCM 300 MD) at х40 magnification. Statistical processing of the research data two-factor experiment was carried out using analysis of variance. Differences in the compared parameters were considered statistically significant at p 0.05.
Results. The linear dimensions of all the main elements of seeds, as well as the index of Ie/z on average for three years significantly differed in the studied carrot varieties (P < 0.001). The maximum length of the seed (3.14±0.02 mm), the length of the endosperm (2.66±0.02 mm) and the length of the embryo (1.23±0.03 mm) on average for three years was observed in the Rogneda variety. The average coefficient of variation (V) of seed length was minimal and varied from 10.1% to 12.9%. The average values of the coefficient of variation (V) for the length of the endosperm varied in a wider range from 12.0% to 14.6%. The length of the embryo had a maximum level of variability from 18.7% in the Rogneda variety to 20.3% in the Chernozemochka variety 21.3%. The variety factor had a predominant influence (from 50.8 % to 86.5 %) on the size of the seed and its morphological elements. The contribution of the environmental conditions of the year of reproduction to the formation of morphometric parameters did not exceed 22.3 %. This allowed us to draw a conclusion about the prospects of selection and the possibility of selective changes in the morphological parameters of the seed.
About the Authors
A. F. Bukharov
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – Branch of the FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Center
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Aleksandr F. Bukharov – Doc. Sci. (Agriculture)
500, Vereya, Ramensky district, Moscow region
D. N. Baleev
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dmitry N. Baleev – Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher
500, Vereya, Ramensky district, Moscow region
F. O. Fefelov
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – Branch of the FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Center
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Fedor O. Fefelov – Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Senior Researcher
500, Vereya, Ramensky district, Moscow region
N. A. Eremina
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – Branch of the FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Center
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nadezhda A. Eremina – Junior Researcher
500, Vereya, Ramensky district, Moscow region
References
1. Bianco V.V., Damato G., Defilippis R. Umbel position on the mother plant: "seed" yield and quality of seven cultivars of Florence fennel. Acta Horticulturae. 1994;(362):51–58. (doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1994.362.5).
2. Бухаров А.Ф., Балеев Д.Н. Морфология разнокачественности семян овощных зонтичных культур, обусловленная местом формирования на материнском растении. Овощи России. 2012;(2):44-47. [Bukharov A.F., Baleev D.N. Morphology of different quality of seeds of vegetable umbrella crops, due to the place of formation on the mother plant. Vegetable crops of Russia. 2012;(2):44-47.]
3. Thompson J.N. Variation among individual seed masses in Lomatium grayi (Umbelliferae) under controlled conditions: magnitude and partitioning of the variance. Ecology. 1984;(65):626–631 (doi.org/10.2307/1941425).
4. Gray D., Steckel J.R.A. Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) seed production: effects of seed crop plant density, seed position on the mother plant, harvest date and method, and seed grading on embryo and seed size and seedling performance. Annals of Applied Biology. 1985;(107):559–570. (doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1985.tb03172.x).
5. Szafiroska A.I. The correlation between mother plant architecture, seed quality and field emergence of carrot. Acta Horticulturae. 1994;(354) :93–98. (doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1994.354.10).
6. Corbineau F., Picard M.A., Bonnet A., Come D. Effects of production factors on germination responses of carrot seeds to temperature and oxygen. Seed Science Research. 1995;(5):129–135. (doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500002749).
7. Geritz S.A., Kisdi H.E., Meszena G., Metz J.A.J. Evolutionarily singular strategies and the adaptive growth and branching of the evolutionary tree. Evol. Ecol. 1998;(12):35-57. (doi.org/10.1023/a:1006554906681).
8. Galloway L.F., Etterson J.R., McGlothlin J.W. Contribution of direct and maternal genetic effects to life history evolution. New Phytologist. 2009;(183):826–838. (doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02939.x).
9. Panayotov N. Heterogeneity of carrot seeds depending on their position on the mother plant. Folia Horticulturae. 2010;(22):25–30. (doi.org/10.2478/fhort2013-0147).
10. Hendrix S.D. Variation in seed weight and its effects on germination in Pastinaca sativa L. (Umbelliferae). American Journal of Botany. 1984;(71):795-802. (doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1984.tb14144.x).
11. Holubowicz R., Morozowska M. Effect of umbel position on dill (Anethum graveolens L.) plants growing in field stands on selected seed stalk features. Folia Horticulturae. 2011;(23):157–163. (doi.org/10.2478/v10245-011-0024-3).
12. Thomas T.H., Gray D., Biddington N.L. The influence of the position of the seed on the mother plant on seed and seedling performance. Acta Horticulturae. 1978;(83):57–66. (doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1978.83.7).
13. Dyer A.R., Brown C.S., Espeland E.K. The role of adaptive transgenerational plasticity in biological invasions of plants. Evol. Appl.2010;(3):179–192. (doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-4571.2010.00118.x).
14. Бухаров А.Ф., Балеев Д.Н. Возникновение индуцированного покоя у семян овощных зонтичных культур под действием аллелопатически активных веществ. Сельскохозяйственная биология. 2016;51(5):714721. [Bukharov A.F., Baleev D.N. The occurrence of induced rest in the seeds of vegetable umbrella crops under the action of allelopatically active substances. Agricultural biology. 2016;51(5):714-721.]
15. Балеев Д.Н., Бухаров А.Ф. Долговечность семян овощных зонтичных культур и физиология их прорастания. Вестник Алтайского государственного аграрного университета. 2013;11(109):22-25. [Baleev D.N., Bukharov A.F. Longevity of vegetable umbrella crops seeds and their germination physiology. Bulletin of the Altai state agrarian University. 2013;11(109):22-25.]
16. Бухаров А.Ф., Балеев Д.Н. Анализ влияния факторов, определяющих развитие признака аллелопатической активности семян овощных сельдерейных культур. Вестник Воронежского государственного аграрного университета. 2011;3(30):22-24. [Bukharov A.F., Baleev D.N. Analysis of the influence of factors determining the development of allelopathic activity of vegetable celery seeds. Bulletin of the Voronezh state agrarian University. 2011;3(30):22-24.]
17. Балеев Д.Н., Бухаров А.Ф. Аллелопатия овощных зонтичных (Umberliferae): торможение прорастания и индукция состояния покоя семян. Saarbrucken, Germany. 2012. 112 с. [Baleev D.N., Bukharov A.F. Allelopathy of vegetable Umbelliferae: inhibition of germination and induction of seed dormancy. Saarbrucken, Germany. 2012. 112 p.]
18. Макрушин Н.М., Макрушина Е.М., Шабанов Р.Ю., Есоян Е.А., Черемуха Б.М. Семеноводство (методология, теория, практика). Симферополь: ИТ «Ариал». 2012. 556 с. [Makrushin N.M., Makrushina E.M., Shabanov R.Yu, Yesoyan E.A., Cheremukha B.M. Seed рProduction (methodology, theory, practice). Simferopol: it "Ariala". 2012. 556 р.]
19. Tongshun W., Hongling W., Lei W., Baoping S. Germination of heteromorphic seeds of Atriplex aucheri and its hormonal explanation. Vegetos - An International Journal of Plant Research. 2014;(27):103-107. (doi:10.5958/j.2229-4473.27.1.017).
20. Vandelook F., Janssens S.B., Probert R.J. Relative embryo length as an adaptation to habitat and life cycle in Apiaceae. New Phytologist. 2012;(195):479–487. (doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04172.x).
21. Uller T. Developmental plasticity and the evolution of parental effects. Trends Ecol. Evol. 2008;(23):432-438. (doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2008.04.005).
22. Wolf J.B., Wade M.J. What are maternal effects (and what are they not)? Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B. 2009;(364):1107-1115. (doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0238).
23. Бухаров А.Ф., Балеев Д.Н., Иванова М.И. Морфометрия разнокачественности семян овощных зонтичных культур в процессе формирования и прорастания. Вестник Алтайского государственного аграрного университета. 2014;7(117):26-32. [Bukharov A. F., Baleev D.N., Ivanova M.I. Morphometry of different quality of seeds of vegetable umbrella crops in the process of formation and germination. Bulletin of the Altai state agrarian University. 2014;7(117):26-32.]
24. Necajeva J., Ievinsh G. Seed dormancy and germination of an endangered coastal plant Eryngium maritimum (Apiaceae). Estonian Journal of Ecology. 2013;(62):150–161. (doi.org/10.3176/eco.2013.2.06).
Review
For citations:
Bukharov A.F., Baleev D.N., Fefelov F.O., Eremina N.A. Morphometric parameters of carrot seed quality and factors determining them. Vegetable crops of Russia. 2020;(4):32-36. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2020-4-32-36
Views:
761
Email this article 