ovoshchiОвощи РоссииVegetable crops of Russia2072-91462618-7132Федеральный научный центр овощеводства10.18619/2072-9146-2019-5-3-14ovoshchi-879Research ArticleСЕЛЕКЦИЯ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЙBREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPSПолучение удвоенных гаплоидов огурца (Cucumis sativus L.)Production of Doubled Haploids in cucumberhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-190XДомблидесЕ. А.DomblidesElena A.

Домблидес Елена Алексеевна – кандидат с.-х. наук, зав. лаб. репродуктивной биотехнологии в селекции с.-х. растений

143072, Московская обл., Одинцовский р-н, п. ВНИИССОК, ул. Селекционная, д. 14

Ph.D. in Agriculture, Head of Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology in Crop Breeding

14, Selectsionnaya str., Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072

Edomblides@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4387-9153БеловС. Н.BelovSergey N.

Белов Сергей Николаевич – м.н.с. лаб. репродуктивной биотехнологии в селекции с.-х. растений

143072, Московская обл., Одинцовский р-н, п. ВНИИССОК, ул. Селекционная, д. 14

Junior Researcher of Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology in Crop Breeding

14, Selectsionnaya str., Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9492-6845СолдатенкоА. В.SoldatenkoAlexey V.

Солдатенко Алексей Васильевич – доктор с.-х. наук, проф. РАН, главный н.с., директор

143072, Московская обл., Одинцовский р-н, п. ВНИИССОК, ул. Селекционная, д. 14

Dr. Sci. (Agriculture)

14, Selectsionnaya str., Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9522-8072ПивоваровВ. Ф.PivovarovVictor F.

Пивоваров Виктор Федорович – академик РАН, доктор с.-х. наук, проф.

143072, Московская обл., Одинцовский р-н, п. ВНИИССОК, ул. Селекционная, д. 14

Academician of the RAS, Dr. Sci. (Agriculture)

14, Selectsionnaya str., Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072

ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр овощеводства»РоссияFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (FSBSI FSVC)Russian Federation20190711201905314Copyright © Домблидес Е.А., Белов С.Н., Солдатенко А.В., Пивоваров В.Ф., 20192019Домблидес Е.А., Белов С.Н., Солдатенко А.В., Пивоваров В.Ф.Domblides E.A., Belov S.N., Soldatenko A.V., Pivovarov V.F.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/879

Разработка и внедрение клеточных технологий существенно изменили селекционный процесс у сельскохозяйственных растений во всем мире. Производство чистых линий у сельскохозяйственных культур, особенно у перекрестноопыляемых растений, таких как огурец (Cucumis sativus L.), требует больших временных и трудовых затрат, а также и достаточных финансовых вложений. В связи с этим использование удвоенных гаплоидов (DH-растений) для получения полностью гомозиготных линий в течение одного года представляет большой интерес для современной селекции, в том числе у этой культуры. Важнейшим фактором, препятствующим использованию DH-растений в селекции огурца, является отсутствие эффективного способа их производства в больших масштабах. В обзоре представлены исторические факты и рассмотрены три основных способа получения удвоенных гаплоидов огурца: партеногенеза in situ (опыление неполноценной (облученная или обработанная химическими веществами) пыльцой); андрогенеза (культуры пыльников/микроспор in vitro); гиногенеза (культура неопыленных семяпочек in vitro). Произведен сравнительный анализ публикаций с учетом эффективности использующихся технологий, выявлены критические факторы, влияющие на выход гаплоидных и удвоенных гаплоидных растений, указаны преимущества и ограничения каждой из технологий.

Implementation of cell technologies has essentially improved the plant breeding process in agricultural crops in the world. The production of pure lines in cultivated crops, particularly among cross-pollinated species such as cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) requires much time, labor and expense. Thus, the use of DH-plants for production of fully homozygous lines for one year becomes a very promising method for near cucumber breeding program. The major factor limiting the wide use of DH is a lack of effective protocol for large-scale plant production. In this review the historical facts with description of three main methods of DH-plant production were presented. By now these three methods have been such as parthenogenesis in situ induced by pollination with irradiated or chemically treated pollen; androgenesis in vitro including anther and isolated microspore cultivation in vitro; gynogenesis through ovule cultivation in vitro. Comparative analysis of published data with regard to the efficiency of the technology for DH-plant production was shown as well as advantages and limitations of each technology were described.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.