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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ovoshchi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Овощи России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vegetable crops of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9146</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7132</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр овощеводства</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18619/2072-9146-2019-4-80-84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ovoshchi-861</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АГРОХИМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGROCHEMISTRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Молочнокислые микроорганизмы, создающие оптимальные стартовые условия для процесса ферментации капусты белокочанной</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lactic acid bacteria, creating the optimal starting conditions for fermentation of cabbage</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Посокина</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Posokina</surname><given-names>Nataliya E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Посокина Наталья Евгеньевна – зав. лабораторией технологии консервирования, кандидат техн. наук</p><p>SPIN 3326-0083</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the laboratory, Candidate of Technical Sciences (Ph.D.)</p><p>78, Shkolnaya Street, Vidnoe, Moscow region, 142703</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labtech45@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>Anna I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher</p><p>78, Shkolnaya Street, Vidnoe, Moscow region, 142703</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт технологии консервирования – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН (ВНИИТеК – филиал ФГБНУ «ФНЦ пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Institute of Canning Technology – Branch of V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS (VNIITeK – Branch of Gorbatov Research Center for Food Systems)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Посокина Н.Е., Захарова А.И., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Посокина Н.Е., Захарова А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Posokina N.E., Zakharova A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/861">https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/861</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность Ферментация овощей обычно осуществляется традиционным способом (спонтанная ферментация с использованием нативной микрофлоры), однако качество готовой продукции при этом достаточно сложно спрогнозировать. Очень часто из-за низкого начального количества молочнокислых бактерий или их низкой активности результат процесса остается непредсказуемым, что может привести к потере значительного количества продукта. В ферментации овощей участвуют несколько видов факультативно анаэробных молочнокислых бактерий. Для того чтобы контролировать процесс ферментации и сделать его направленным, необходимо изучить, какие именно молочнокислые бактерии участвуют в процессе ферментации, период, в который происходит их рост и отмирание, и как это влияет на органолептические свойства готовой продукции, а также исследовать активность молочнокислых микроорганизмов в процессе ферментирования. При ферментации овощей остаются не только первоначальные питательные вещества, такие как витамин С, аминокислоты, пищевые волокна и др., но также развиваются функциональные микроорганизмы, такие как молочнокислые бактерии. Ферментация оказывает важное влияние на качество и вкус, поэтому очень важно изучить процесс ферментации, микробное разнообразие и изменение питательных веществ и химических элементов в процессе ферментации. Снижение темпов или предотвращение микробиологической порчи пищевых продуктов основано на четырех основных принципах: минимизация контаминации продукта микроорганизмами; подавление роста и размножения микроорганизмов-контаминантов; уничтожение микроорганизмов-контаминантов; удаление микроорганизмов-контаминантов. Ферментация основана на сочетании первых трех принципов и достигается созданием условий для роста специфических микроорганизмов, которые могут придавать пищевым продуктам желаемый вкус, аромат, текстуру и внешний вид. Результаты Данный обзор посвящен научным аспектам ферментирования овощей, в т.ч. культурам, способствующим созданию оптимальных условий для развития основного пула молочнокислых микроорганизмов, получению готовой продукции высокого качества и предотвращению микробной порчи. Показано, что на первом этапе ферментации определяющую роль играют лактобациллы рода L. mesenteroides. Именно от их «работы» по созданию оптимальных условий для развития целевой молочнокислой микрофлоры зависит качество готовой продукции. Данный факт нужно учитывать при создании промышленных бактериальных заквасок – «стартерных культур» для проведения направленного процесса ферментации овощей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance Fermentation of vegetables is usually carried out in the traditional way (spontaneous fermentation using native microflora), but the quality of the finished product is difficult to predict. Very often, due to the low initial amount of lactic acid bacteria or their low activity, the result of the process remains unpredictable, which can lead to the loss of a significant amount of product. In the fermentation of vegetables involved several types of facultatively anaerobic lactic acid bacteria. In order to control the fermentation process and make it directed, it is necessary to study which lactic acid bacteria are involved in the fermentation process, the period in which their growth and death, and how it affects the organoleptic properties of the finished product, as well as to study the activity of lactic acid microorganisms in the fermentation process. When fermentation of vegetables are not only the original nutrients such as vitamin C, amino acids, dietary fibers, etc., but also develop functional microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria. Fermentation has an important effect on the quality and taste, so it is very important to study the fermentation process, microbial diversity and changes in nutrients and chemical elements in the fermentation process. Reducing the rate or preventing microbial spoilage of food is based on four main principles: minimization of product contamination by microorganisms; suppression of growth and reproduction of microorganisms-contaminants; destruction of microorganisms-contaminants; removal of microorganisms-contaminants. Fermentation is based on a combination of the first three principles and is achieved by creating conditions for the growth of specific microorganisms that can give food the desired taste, aroma, texture and appearance. Results This review is devoted to the scientific aspects of vegetable fermentation, including crops that contribute to the creation of optimal conditions for the development of the main pool of lactic acid microorganisms, the production of finished products of high quality and the prevention of microbial spoilage. It is shown that at the first stage of fermentation lactobacilli of the genus L. mesenteroides play a determining role. It is their "work" to create optimal conditions for the development of the target lactic microflora depends on the quality of the finished product. This fact should be taken into account when creating industrial bacterial starter cultures – "starter cultures" for the directed process of fermentation of vegetables.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обзор</kwd><kwd>процесс ферментации овощей</kwd><kwd>молочнокислые микроорганизмы</kwd><kwd>безопасность и качество готовой продукции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>review</kwd><kwd>vegetable fermentation process</kwd><kwd>lactic acid microorganisms</kwd><kwd>safety and quality of finished products</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Yu-Long, Hu Ping, Zhan Jian-Long. Research of fermented sauerkraut and its advancement // Journal of Food Safety and Quality. – 2014. – Vol.5. – №12. – P.3998-4003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Yu-Long, Hu Ping, Zhan Jian-Long. 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