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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ovoshchi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Овощи России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vegetable crops of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9146</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7132</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр овощеводства</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18619/2072-9146-2019-4-13-15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ovoshchi-846</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕЛЕКЦИЯ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Цитологические методы анализа гаплоидных растений-регенерантов капусты белокочанной (Brassica oleracea L.), полученных in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cytological methods of analysis of haploid plants-regenerants of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) obtained in vitro</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5244-4311</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киракосян</surname><given-names>Р. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirakosyan</surname><given-names>Rima N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киракосян Рима Нориковна – к.б.н., доцент кафедры генетики, биотехнологии, селекции и семеноводства Российского государственного аграрного университета – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</p><p>127550, г.Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, д.49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biotechnology Associate Professor Department of Genetics, Biotechnology, Plant Breeding and Seed Science of Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University</p><p>127550, Moscow, Timiryazevskaya street, 49</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mia4129@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2655-1789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калашникова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalashnikovа</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калашникова Елена Анатольевна – д.б.н. профессор кафедры генетики, биотехнологии, селекции и семеноводства Российского государственного аграрного университета МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</p><p>127550, г.Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, д.49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor in Biological Sciences, Professor, Department of Genetics, Biotechnology, Plant Breeding and Seed Science of Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University</p><p>127550, Moscow, Timiryazevskaya street, 49</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kalash0407@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian state agrarian University-MTAA named after K. A. Timiryazev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Киракосян Р.Н., Калашникова Е.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Киракосян Р.Н., Калашникова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kirakosyan R.N., Kalashnikovа E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/846">https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/846</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность В настоящее время в генетических исследованиях и селекции капустных культур широко применяют биотехнологические методы создания чистых линий — удвоенных гаплоидов в культуре пыльников и в культуре изолированных микроспор. Общая особенность этих технологий заключается в том, что получаемые in vitro растения обладают разным уровнем плоидности и наряду с удвоенными гаплоидами встречаются гаплоидные, тетраплоидные и миксоплоидные формы. Поэтому применение новых цитологических методов анализа гаплоидных растений остается актуальной проблемой. Материал и методика Цель настоящей работы – установить генетическую природу растений-регенерантов Brassica oleracea L., полученных из репродуктивных органов in vitro. Изолированные пыльники и завязи капусты белокочанной культивировали на твердых питательных средах, содержащих минеральные соли по прописи Мурасиге и Скуга (МС). У полученных растений-регенерантов был проведен подсчет числа хромосом в меристеме корня, а также числа хлоропластов в клетках замыкающих устьиц листьев с помощью нового универсального метода приготовления препаратов хромосом растений – «SteamDrop». Результаты В результате проведенных исследований была изучена зависимость уровня плоидности от условий культивирования. Показано, что растения-регенеранты капусты белокочанной, полученные in vitro из репродуктивных органов, имели разный набор хромосом (n, 3n, 5n). Установлено, что количество хлоропластов в клетках устьиц растений-регенерантов составило от 9 до 45 шт., в то время как у исходных донорных растений их было 18-20 шт.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance Currently, in genetic studies and selection of cabbage cultures, biotechnological methods for creating clean lines — doubled haploids in the culture of anthers and in the culture of isolated microspores are widely used. A common feature of these technologies is that the plants obtained in vitro have different levels of ploidy and along with doubled haploids there are haploid, tetraploid and mixoploid forms. Therefore, the use of new cytological methods of analysis of haploid plants remains an urgent problem. Material and method The aim of this work is to establish the genetic nature of regenerated plants of Brassica oleracea L., obtained from reproductive organs in vitro. Isolated anthers and ovaries of white cabbage were cultivated on solid nutrient media containing mineral salts according to the recipe Murashige and Skoog (MS). The obtained regenerated plants were used to calculate the number of chromosomes in the root meristem, as well as the number of chloroplasts in the cells of the closing stomata of leaves using the new universal method of preparing preparations of plant chromosomes – “SteamDrop”. Results As a result of the research, the dependence of the level of ploidy on the cultivation conditions was studied. It has been shown that plants-regenerants of white cabbage, obtained in vitro from reproductive organs, had a different set of chromosomes (n, 3n, 5n). It was established that the number of chloroplasts in the stomatal cells of regenerated plants was from 9 to 45, while the original donor plants had 18–20.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>капуста белокочанная</kwd><kwd>in vitro</kwd><kwd>гаплоидные растения</kwd><kwd>цитологические методы</kwd><kwd>«SteamDrop»</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cabbage</kwd><kwd>in vitro</kwd><kwd>haploid plants</kwd><kwd>cytological methods</kwd><kwd>"SteamDrop»</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pink Bailey D. L., McClement S., et al. Double haploids, markers and QTL analysis in vegetable brassicas // Euphytica. 2008. Vol. 164. P. 509-514.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pink Bailey D. L., McClement S., et al. Double haploids, markers and QTL analysis in vegetable brassicas // Euphytica. 2008. Vol. 164. 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