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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ovoshchi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Овощи России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vegetable crops of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9146</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7132</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр овощеводства</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18619/2072-9146-2018-5-77-80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ovoshchi-636</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АГРОХИМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGROCHEMISTRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>НАУЧНО-ОБОСНОВАННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ПРОЦЕССУ ФЕРМЕНТАЦИИ ОВОЩЕЙ И ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВА ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ БАКТЕРИАЛЬНЫХ ЗАКВАСОЧНЫХ КУЛЬТУР</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SCIENTIFICALLY-BASED APPROACHES TO THE PROCESS VEGETABLE FERMENTATION AND ADVANTAGES USE OF BACTERIAL STARTER CULTURES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Посокина</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Posokina</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат техн. наук, зав. лаб. технологии консервирования</p><p>142703, Россия, Московская область, г. Видное, ул. Школьная, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the laboratory, Candidate of Tec</p><p>78, Shkolnaya Street, Vidnoe, Moscow region, 142703, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labtech45@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лялина</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyalina</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий н.с.</p><p>142703, Россия, Московская область, г. Видное, ул. Школьная, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leading Researcher</p><p>78, Shkolnaya Street, Vidnoe, Moscow region, 142703, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniitek@vniitek.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>с.н.с.</p><p>142703, Россия, Московская область, г. Видное, ул. Школьная, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher</p><p>78, Shkolnaya Street, Vidnoe, Moscow region, 142703, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniitek@vniitek.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишлова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishlova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>с.н.с.</p><p>142703, Россия, Московская область, г. Видное, ул. Школьная, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher</p><p>78, Shkolnaya Street, Vidnoe, Moscow region, 142703, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniitek@vniitek.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терешонок</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tereshonok</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат с.-х. наук, с.н.с. лабораторно-аналитического центра</p><p>143072, Россия, Московская обл., Одинцовский р-н, п. ВНИИССОК, ул. Селекционная, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher, Ph.D. in Agriculture</p><p>Selectionnaya str., 14, p. VNIISSOK, Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniissok@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт технологии консервирования – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН (ВНИИТеК – филиал ФГБНУ «ФНЦ пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Institute of Canning Technology – Branch of V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS (VNIITeK – Branch of Gorbatov Research Center for Food Systems)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный научный центр овощеводства»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Посокина Н.Е., Лялина О.Ю., Захарова А.И., Шишлова Е.С., Терешонок В.И., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Посокина Н.Е., Лялина О.Ю., Захарова А.И., Шишлова Е.С., Терешонок В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Posokina N.E., Lyalina O.Y., Zakharova A.I., Shishlova E.S., Tereshonok V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/636">https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/636</self-uri><abstract><p>Наряду с тепловой обработкой, копчением и сушкой на солнце, одним из старейших способов консервирования пищевых продуктов является ферментация (сбраживание). Ферментированные пищевые продукты появились задолго до того, как люди узнали о существовании микроорганизмов, и вошли в традиционный рацион почти у всех культур. В настоящее время производство соленых, квашеных и моченых продуктов является важным сегментом пищевой промышленности. На скорость размножения микроорганизмов в пищевых продуктах влияют различные факторы, в том числе свойства продуктов (содержание нутриентов, значение рН, окислительно-восстановительный (редокс-) потенциал, активность воды и т.п.) и внешние факторы – в том числе, условия хранения, например, температура и относительная влажность. Консервирование пищевых продуктов обычно базируется на уничтожении микроорганизмов или контроле их размножения и общего состава микробиоты. Снижение темпов или предотвращение микробиологической порчи пищевых продуктов основано на четырех основных принципах: минимизация контаминации продукта микроорганизмами; подавление роста и размножения микроорганизмов-контаминантов; уничтожение микроорганизмов-контаминантов; удаление микроорганизмов-контаминантов. Ферментация основана на сочетании первых трех принципов и достигается созданием условий для роста специфических микроорганизмов, которые могут придавать пищевым продуктам желаемый вкус, аромат, текстуру и внешний вид. Данный обзор посвящен научным аспектам ферментирования овощей, в т.ч. с использованием бактериальных заквасочных культур. Даны характеристики используемых молочнокислых микроорганизмов, приведены и описаны основные принципы и преимущества процесса ферментации овощей и происходящие при этом биохимические процессы, описаны преимущества использования бактериальных заквасочных культур (штаммов молочнокислых микроорганизмов) с целью повышения качества готовой продукции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Along with heat treatment, Smoking and drying in the sun, one of the oldest ways to preserve food is fermentation (fermentation). Fermented foods appeared long before people learned about the existence of microorganisms, and entered the traditional diet of almost all cultures. Currently, the production of salted, fermented and wetted products is an important segment of the food industry. The rate of reproduction of microorganisms in foods is affected by several factors including properties of the products (nutrient content, pH value, oxidation-reduction (redox) potential, water activity, etc.) and external factors, including storage conditions, such as temperature and relative humidity. Preservation of food products is usually based on the destruction of microorganisms or control of their reproduction and the overall composition of the microbiota. Reducing the rate or preventing microbiological spoilage of food is based on four main principles: minimization of product contamination by microorganisms; suppression of growth and reproduction of micro-organisms-contaminants; destruction of micro-organisms-contaminants; removal of micro-organisms-contaminants. Fermentation is based on a combination of the first three principles and is achieved by creating conditions for the growth of specific microorganisms that can give food the desired taste, aroma, texture and appearance. This review is devoted to the scientific aspects of vegetable fermentation, including the use of bacterial starter cultures. The characteristics of lactic acid microorganisms are given, the basic principles and advantages of the process of fermentation of vegetables and the biochemical processes taking place at the same time are given and described, the advantages of the use of bacterial starter cultures (strains of lactic acid microorganisms) for the purpose of improving the quality of the finished product are described.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обзор</kwd><kwd>процесс ферментации овощей</kwd><kwd>принципы и преимущества ферментации</kwd><kwd>биохимические процессы</kwd><kwd>использование бактериальных заквасочных культур (штаммов молочнокислых микроорганизмов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>review</kwd><kwd>the process of vegetable fermentation</kwd><kwd>the principles and benefits of fermentation</kwd><kwd>biochemical processes</kwd><kwd>the use of bacterial starter cultures (lactic acid bacteria)</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guizani N., Mothershaw A. 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