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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ovoshchi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Овощи России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vegetable crops of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9146</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7132</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр овощеводства</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18619/2072-9146-2026-3-138-145</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ovoshchi-3008</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АГРОХИМИЯ, АГРОПОЧВОВЕДЕНИЕ, ЗАЩИТА И КАРАНТИН РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGROCHEMISTRY, SOIL SCIENCE, PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка схемы идентификации возбудителя бурой гнили картофеля Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. и ее апробация в диагностической лаборатории</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of an identification scheme for the brown rot of potato Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. and its validation in a diagnostic laboratory</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9362-6655</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доморацкая</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Domoratskaya</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дана Алексеевна Доморацкая аспирант кафедры биотехнологии; младший научный сотрудник лаборатории бактериологии и анализа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dana A. Domoratskaya PhD student;  Junior Researcher of Laboratory of Bacteriology and GMO analysis of Testing Laboratory Center</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6022-5955</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Словарева</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Slovareva</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Юрьевна Словарева кандидат биол. наук, доцент кафедры фитосанитарной биологии и безопасности экосистем, старший научный сотрудник начальник научно-методического отдела бактериологии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Yu. Slovareva Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor of the Department of Phytosanitary Biology and Ecosystem Safety; Senior Researcher Head of the Scientific and Methodological Department of Bacteriology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2655-1789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калашникова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalashnikova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Анатольевна Калашникова доктор биол. наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Kalashnikova Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor, Lead Researcher</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5244-4311</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киракосян</surname><given-names>Р. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirakosyan</surname><given-names>R. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рима Нориковна Киракосян кандидат биол. наук, доцент кафедры биотехнологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rima N. Kirakosyan Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor of the Department of Biotechnology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский государственный аграрный университет Московская сельскохозяйственная академия имени К.А. Тимирязева»; Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Всероссийский центр карантина растений»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Всероссийский центр карантина растений»; Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RUDN University; All-Russian Plant Quarantine Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт физиологии растений им. К.А. Тимирязева Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский государственный аграрный университет Московская сельскохозяйственная академия имени К.А. Тимирязева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>138</fpage><lpage>145</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Доморацкая Д.А., Словарева О.Ю., Калашникова Е.А., Киракосян Р.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Доморацкая Д.А., Словарева О.Ю., Калашникова Е.А., Киракосян Р.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Domoratskaya D.A., Slovareva O.Y., Kalashnikova E.A., Kirakosyan R.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/3008">https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/3008</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Исследование посвящено разработке схемы выявления и идентификации бактерии Ralstonia solanacearum возбудителя бурой гнили картофеля, входящего в комплекс видов Ralstonia solanacearum ( R. solanacearum, R. pseudosolanacearum, R. syzygii ). Данный патоген поражает свыше 200 видов растений, включая экономически значимые культуры (картофель, томат, перец, баклажан), и включен в список карантинных организмов, отсутствующих на территории Российской Федерации. Цель работы: создание и апробация схемы лабораторной диагностики R. solanacearum для фитосанитарного контроля подкарантинной продукции.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методика</title><p>Материал и методика. Методы, использованные в работе: метод подготовки проб (экстракция в фосфатно-солевом буфере с центрифугированием), ПЦР-анализ (ПЦР-РВ с использованием праймеров RS-I-F/RS-II-R/RS-P и коммерческого набора, ПЦР с детекцией результатов электрофорезом с праймерами RS-1-F/RS-1-R (RS-3-R)). Результаты. Была разработана оптимизированная схема по идентификации и выявлению возбудителя бурой гнили. Схема апробирована на 242 образцах подкарантинной продукции (картофель, розы, пионы, бананы), поступивших в диагностическую лабораторию в 2025 году. Результаты показали отсутствие бактерий комплекса R. solanacearum в образцах из Российской Федерации и выявили 14 случаев заражения клубней картофеля из импортных партий. При идентификации положительных образцов с помощью видоспецифичных праймеров RS-1-F/RS-1-R подтверждено присутствие R. solanacearum (sensu stricto).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Ложноположительных и ложноотрицательных реакций в ходе апробации всех использованных тестов в рамках разработанной схемы зафиксировано не было, что свидетельствует об их 100% специфичности в рамках исследования. Итогом работы стало создание надежного алгоритма лабораторного исследования, обеспечивающего быструю и точную диагностику карантинного фитопатогена, что позволяет гарантировать фитосанитарную безопасность и соответствие продукции требованиям импортеров. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. The study is devoted to developing a scheme for the detection and identification of the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum the causal agent of potato brown rot, which belongs to the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex ( R. solanacearum , R. pseudosolanacearum , R. syzygii ). This pathogen affects over 200 plant species, including economically important crops (potato, tomato, pepper, eggplant), and is listed as a quarantine organism absent from the territory of the Russian Federation. Objective: to create and test a laboratory diagnostic scheme for R. solanacearum for phytosanitary control of regulated products. Material and ". Methods used in the study: sample preparation method (extraction in phosphate-buffered saline with centrifugation), PCR analysis (real-time PCR using primers RS-IF/RS-II-R/RS-P and a commercial kit; PCR with electrophoretic detection using primers RS-1F/RS-1-R (RS-3-R)). Results. An optimized scheme for the identification and detection of the brown rot pathogen was developed. The scheme was tested on 242 samples of regulated products (potato, roses, peonies, bananas) submitted to the diagnostic laboratory in 2025. The results showed the absence of R. solanacearum complex bacteria in samples from the Russian Federation and revealed 14 cases of potato tuber infection in imported batches. Identification of positive samples using species-specific primers RS-1-F/RS-1-R confirmed the presence of R. solanacearum (sensu stricto).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. No false-positive or false-negative reactions were recorded during the testing of all used assays within the framework of the developed scheme, indicating their 100% specificity within the study. The outcome of the work is the creation of a reliable laboratory testing algorithm that ensures rapid and accurate diagnosis of the quarantine phytopathogen, thereby guaranteeing phytosanitary safety and compliance of products with importer requirements. plant quarantine, phytopathogenic bacteria, molecular genetic identification methods, detection, identification</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>карантин растений</kwd><kwd>фитопатогенные бактерии</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетические методы идентификации</kwd><kwd>выявление</kwd><kwd>идентификация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансировании ФГБУ «ВНИИКР».. 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