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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ovoshchi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Овощи России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vegetable crops of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9146</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7132</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр овощеводства</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18619/2072-9146-2026-1-66-74</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ovoshchi-2878</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО И БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION AND PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Создание исходного материала для гибридной селекции лука батуна с устойчивостью к пероноспорозу</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of Initial Material for Hybrid Breeding of Welsh Onion with Resistance to Downy Mildew</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6604-0822</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Монахос</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Monakhos</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Монахос Михаил Григорьевич – младший научный сотрудник ООО «Селекционная станция имени Н.Н.Тимофеева»</p><p>ResearcherID Web of Science: PDW-8077-2025</p><p>127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail G. Monakhos – Junior researcher N.N. Timofeev Breeding Station LLC</p><p>ResearcherID Web of Science: PDW-8077-2025</p><p>49, Timiryazevskaya street, Moscow, 127434</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mihaluch1864@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-8797</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эйдлин</surname><given-names>Я. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eidlin</surname><given-names>Ya. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эйдлин Яков Тарасович – к.с.-х.н., ассистент кафедры молекулярной селекции, клеточных технологий и семеноводства</p><p>ResearcherID Web of Science: AFW-7880-2022</p><p>127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yakov T. Eidlin – Agricultural science PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Molecular Breeding, Cell Technologies and Seed Production</p><p>ResearcherID Web of Science: AFW-7880-2022</p><p>49, Timiryazevskaya street, Moscow, 127434</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9404-8862</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Монахос</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Monakhos</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Монахос Сократ Григорьевич – зав. кафедрой ботаники, селекции и семеноводства садовых растений, доктор с.-х. наук, профессор РАН</p><p>Researcher ID Web of Science: I-7729-201</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56052882900</p><p>127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sokrat G. Monakhos – Head of the Department Botany, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, RSAU-MTAA, Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Professor</p><p>ResearcherID Web of Science: I-7729-201</p><p>49, Timiryazevskaya street, Moscow, 127434</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>66</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Монахос М.Г., Эйдлин Я.Т., Монахос С.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Монахос М.Г., Эйдлин Я.Т., Монахос С.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Monakhos M.G., Eidlin Y.T., Monakhos S.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2878">https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2878</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Целью работы было – создание исходного материала для селекции F1 гибридов лука батуна с устойчивостью к пероноспорозу.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методика</title><p>Материал и методика. Проведена межвидовая гибридизация с использованием A. Roylei (донор доминантного гена устойчивости Pd1) и A. galanthum (донор Gal-типа цитоплазмы, индуцирующей ЦМС) с последующими насыщающими скрещиваниями с A. Fistulosum (сорт «Ishikura» и линией из гибрида «Katana F1»). Оценку фертильности пыльцы проводили методом ацетокарминового окрашивания с подсчетом доли окрашенных зерен в трех полях зрения. Оценку устойчивости/восприимчивости полученных популяций проводили на искусственном инфекционном фоне (инокулюм патогена Peronospora destructor в концентрации 3*106 спор/мл), а также с использованием молекулярного SCAR-маркера DMR1.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что гибриды первого поколения (A. roylei × A. fistulosum) и (A. galanthum × A. fistulosum) характеризуются крайне низкой фертильностью пыльцы (17,9% и 14,9% соответственно), обусловленной нарушениями мейоза при отдаленной гибридизации. Однако однократное беккроссирование гибрида (A. roylei × A. fistulosum) с A. fistulosum привело к полному восстановлению мужской фертильности, и она составила 95,4%. Фенотипический анализ на инфекционном фоне выявил отсутствие симптомов поражения пероноспорозом у всех растений популяций BC1 и потомства беккросных растений, что не соответствует ожидаемому моногенному доминантному расщеплению.</p><p>При этом ПЦР-анализ с маркером DMR1 продемонстрировал амплификацию неспецифичных фрагментов (350, 490 и 580 п.н.) у растений BC1. В результате исследования показана возможность передачи в геном лука батуна ЦМС-индуцирующего фактора от A.galanthum и гена устойчивости Pd1 от A. roylei. Отсутствие расщепления по устойчивости к пероноспорозу при беккроссировании восприимчивыми образцами Allium fistulosum, а также в самоопыленном потомстве беккроссных растений позволяет выдвинуть гипотезу, о наследственном факторе в цитоплазме Allium roylei препятствующем образованию зигот, с рецессивным гомозиготным генотипом pd1pd1. Эту гипотезу подтверждает факт обнаружения восприимчивых растений в потомствах, где устойчивые растения гибрида A. roylei × A. fistulosum использовали в качестве опылителей на растения с цитоплазмой A.galanthum и A. fistulosum. Полученные беккроссные популяции представляют ценный материал для селекции гетерозисных гибридов лука батуна.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. The aim of our work was to create initial material for the breeding of F1 hybrids of Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum) with resistance to downy mildew.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. To achieve this goal, interspecific hybridization was carried out using A. roylei (donor of the dominant resistance gene Pd1) and A. galanthum (donor of the Ga-type cytoplasm inducing CMS), followed by backcrossing with A. fistulosum (cultivar 'Ishikura' and self-pollinated lines from the 'Katana F1' hybrid). Pollen fertility was assessed using the acetocarmine staining method, calculating the proportion of stained grains in three fields of view. Evaluation of resistance/susceptibility of the obtained populations was conducted under an artificial infection background (inoculum of the pathogen Peronospora destructor at a concentration of 106 spores/ml), as well as using the molecular SCAR marker DMR1.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was found that first-generation hybrids (A. roylei × A. fistulosum) and (A. galanthum × A. fistulosum) are characterized by extremely low pollen fertility (17.9% and 14.9%, respectively), caused by meiotic disturbances during distant hybridization. However, a single backcross of the hybrid (A. roylei × A. fistulosum) with A. fistulosum led to a complete restoration of male fertility in the BC1 population, where the average fertility was 95.4%. Phenotypic analysis under the artificial infection background revealed an absence of downy mildew symptoms in all plants of the BC1 and its populations containing genetic material from A. roylei, which does not correspond to the expected monogenic dominant segregation. At the same time, PCR analysis with the DMR1 marker demonstrated the amplification of non-specific fragments (350, 490, and 580 bp) in BC1 plants, indicating structural rearrangements in the introgression region of the Pd1 gene. The study demonstrated the possibility of transferring the CMS-inducing factor from A. galanthum and the Pd1 resistance gene from Allium roylei into the genome of Welsh onion. The obtained BC populations represent valuable material for the breeding of heterotic Welsh onion hybrids resistant to downy mildew.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лук батун</kwd><kwd>Allium roylei</kwd><kwd>Allium galanthum</kwd><kwd>мужская стерильность</kwd><kwd>ПЦР</kwd><kwd>межвидовая гибридизация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Welsh onion</kwd><kwd>Allium roylei</kwd><kwd>Allium galanthum</kwd><kwd>male sterility</kwd><kwd>PCR</kwd><kwd>interspecific hybridization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Padula G., Xia X., Hołubowicz R. Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) seed physiology, breeding, production and trade. 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