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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ovoshchi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Овощи России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vegetable crops of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9146</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7132</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр овощеводства</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18619/2072-9146-2025-5-73-79</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ovoshchi-2776</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>САДОВОДСТВО, ОВОЩЕВОДСТВО, ВИНОГРАДАРСТВО И ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫЕ КУЛЬТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HORTICULTURE, VEGETABLE PRODUCTION, VITICULTURE AND MEDICINAL CROPS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная оценка гибридов капусты пекинской по качеству и пригодности к ферментации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative evaluation of Chinese cabbage hybrids in terms of quality and suitability for fermentation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3165-7238</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Янченко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yanchenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Валерьевна Янченко – кандидат с.-х. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>140153, Московская область, Раменский район, д. Верея, стр. 500</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Yanchenko – Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher</p><p>p. 500, Vereya village, Ramensky district, Moscow region, 140153,</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena_0881@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7951-2222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркарова</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markarova</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Юрьевна Маркарова – кандидат биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>143072, Московская область, Одинцовский район, п. ВНИИССОК, ул. Селекционная, д.14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria Yu. Markarova – Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher</p><p>14, Selectsionnaya str., VNIISSOK, Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">myriam@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7326-2157</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Ивановна Иванова – доктор с.-х. наук, проф. РАН, гл. научный сотрудник</p><p>140153, Московская область, Раменский район, д. Верея, стр. 500</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria I. Ivanova – Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Prof., Senior Researcher</p><p>p. 500, Vereya village, Ramensky district, Moscow region, 140153,</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт овощеводства – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр овощеводства» (ВНИИО – филиал ФГБНУ ФНЦО)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Vegetable Center"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный центр овощеводства" (ФГБНУ ФНЦО)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (FSBSI FSVC)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Янченко Е.В., Маркарова М.Ю., Иванова М.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Янченко Е.В., Маркарова М.Ю., Иванова М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yanchenko E.V., Markarova M.Y., Ivanova M.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2776">https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2776</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Рост популярности кимчи во всем мире связан с его полезными свойствами, специфическими вкусовыми качествами. Кимчи обладает антиоксидантным, противовоспалительным, противодиабетическим и иммуностимулирующим действием, обладает низкой калорийностью. В процессе его изготовления происходит молочнокислое брожение, качество которого зависит от изначального биохимического состава капусты пекинской. В конечном итоге от этого зависит и органолептическая характеристика готового продукта. </p><p>Целью исследования была оценка пригодности для приготовления кимчи современных гибридов капусты пекинской.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Изучали 9 кочанных гибридов капусты пекинской: F1 Гидра, F1 Ча-ча, F1 Кудесница, F1 Медалист, F1 Маноко, F1 Эмико, F1 Мирако, F1 Юки и F1 Ника. Ферментацию проводили по традиционной рецептуре, оценку качества кимчи - по биохимическим показателям и органолептическим характеристикам, показатели ферментации по численности доминирующих групп бактериальной микробиоты.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Через 28 суток ферментации содержание сахаров в кимчи выровнялось во всех изученных гибридах, сухое вещество возрастало и составило в среднем 11,6 %, в гибридах F1 Кудесница и F1 Ника – 12,5%. Содержание нитратов в кимчи не превышало ПДК. Наибольшее количество баллов по вкусовым характеристикам получили гибриды F1 Медалист – 4,41 балл и F1 Мирако – 4,37. Наименьший балл получил контрольный образец. Из испытанных гибридов пекинской капусты наиболее быстрый процесс ферментации происходил при использовании гибридов капусты пекинской F1 Гидра, F1 Медалист, F1 Мирако, F1 Юки. Самый медленный темп ферментации отмечен при использовании для приготовления кимчи гибридов F1 Ника, F19 Ча-ча, F1 Эмико. Из изученных биохимических показателей глубина и скорость ферментации наилучшим образом коррелирует с содержанием в исходном сырье витамина С и сахаров.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Для приготовления кимчи наиболее перспективны гибриды капусты пекинской F1 Медалист, F1 Ника, F1 Кудесница и F1 Мирако, отличающиеся высокими органолептическими свойствами, сохранностью витамина С. Кимчи, приготовленного из гибрида F1 Медалист, превосходил по органолептическим показателям и уровню витамина С кимчи из других гибридов.  </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. The growing popularity of kimchi worldwide is due to its beneficial properties and distinctive flavor. Kimchi has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and immune-boosting properties, and is low in calories. During its production, lactic acid fermentation occurs, the quality of which depends on the initial biochemical composition of the leafy greens. Ultimately, this also influences the organoleptic characteristics of the finished product.</p><p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the suitability of modern Chinese cabbage hybrids for kimchi production.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. Nine head Chinese cabbage hybrids were studied: F1 Hydra, F1 Cha-cha, F1 Kudesnitsa, F1 Medalist, F1 Manoko, F1 Emiko, F1 Mirako, F1 Yuki, and F1 Nika. Fermentation was carried out according to a traditional recipe, and kimchi quality was assessed based on biochemical and organoleptic characteristics. Fermentation indicators were determined by the number of dominant bacterial microbiota groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. After 28 days of fermentation, the sugar content in kimchi leveled out in all the studied hybrids, dry matter increased and averaged 11.6%, in the F1 Kudesnitsa and F1 Nika hybrids – 12.5%. The nitrate content in kimchi did not exceed the MAC. The highest score for taste characteristics was received by the F1 Medalist hybrids – 4.41 points and F1 Mirako – 4.37. The control sample received the lowest score. Of the tested Chinese cabbage hybrids, the fastest fermentation process was observed with the F1 Hydra, F1 Medalist, F1 Mirako, F1 Yuki Chinese cabbage hybrids. The slowest fer- mentation rate was noted when using the F1 Nika, F1 Cha-cha, F1 Emiko hybrids for kimchi preparation. Of the studied biochemical parameters, the depth and speed of fermentation best correlated with the content of vitamin C and sugars in the original raw material.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The most promising Chinese cabbage hybrids for kimchi production are F1 Medalist, F1 Nika, F1 Kudesnitsa, and F1 Mirako, distinguished by their high organoleptic properties and vitamin C retention. Kimchi made from the F1 Medalist hybrid was superior in organoleptic properties and vitamin C levels to kimchi from other hybrids.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ферментация</kwd><kwd>овощи</kwd><kwd>капуста пекинская</kwd><kwd>гибриды</kwd><kwd>качество</kwd><kwd>микробиологический анализ</kwd><kwd>биохимический состав</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fermentation</kwd><kwd>vegetables</kwd><kwd>Chinese cabbage</kwd><kwd>hybrids</kwd><kwd>quality</kwd><kwd>microbiological analysis</kwd><kwd>biochemical composition</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность фирме «Kimchic» (ИП Хегай Валерий Валентинович) г. Балашиха. (e-mail: ookimchic@gmail.com) за проведение на их базе ферментирования пекинской капусты, разработку рецептуры, консультирования на всех этапах.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors express their gratitude to Kimchic LLC (IP Khegay Valeriy Valentinovich) Balashikha. (e-mail: ookimchic@gmail.com) for conducting the fermentation of Chinese cabbage on their premises, developing the recipe, and providing consulting services at all stages.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Солдатенко А.В., Иванова М.И., Бондарева Л.Л., Тареева М.М. Капустные зеленные овощи. Москва:, 2022. 296 с. ISBN 978-5-901695-89-0. https://elibrary.ru/unsafi</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soldatenko A.V., Ivanova M.I., Bondareva L.L., Tareeva M.M. Cabbage green vegetables. Moscow, 2022. 296 p. ISBN 978-5-901695-89-0. 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