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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ovoshchi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Овощи России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vegetable crops of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9146</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7132</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр овощеводства</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18619/2072-9146-2025-5-32-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ovoshchi-2770</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО И БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION AND PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Выделение источников устойчивости лука репчатого (Allium cepa L.) к возбудителям фузариозной и бактериальной гнили</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Identifying sources of resistance to fusarious and bacterial rot in onions (Allium cepa L.)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9897-0413</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ветрова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vetrova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Александровна Ветрова – кандидат с.-х. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярно-иммунологических исследований</p><p>143072, Московская область, Одинцовский район, п. ВНИИССОК, Селекционная, д.14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Vetrova – Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Senior Researcher of the Laboratory Molecular Immunological Research</p><p>14, Selectsionnaya str., VNIISSOK, Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lana-k2201@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1674-6651</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марчева</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marcheva</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маргарита Михайловна Марчева – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологических основ семеноведения овощных культур</p><p>143072, Московская область, Одинцовский район, п. ВНИИССОК, Селекционная, д.14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita M. Marcheva – Junior Researcher of the Laboratory of Physiological Basis of Seed Science of Vegetable Crops</p><p>14, Selectsionnaya str., VNIISSOK, Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">margo.marcheva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9999-023X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Середин</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seredin</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимофей Михайлович Середин – кандидат с.-х. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории селекции и семеноводства луковых культур</p><p>143072, Московская область, Одинцовский район, п. ВНИИССОК, Селекционная, д.14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timofey M. Seredin – Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Breeding and Seed Production of Onion Crops</p><p>14, Selectsionnaya str., VNIISSOK, Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">timofey-seredin@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9492-6845</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдатенко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Васильевич Солдатенко – доктор с.-х. наук, академик РАН, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>143072, Московская область, Одинцовский район, п. ВНИИССОК, Селекционная, д.14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Soldatenko – Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chief Researcher</p><p>14, Selectsionnaya str., VNIISSOK, Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex-soldat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4843-111X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Енгалычева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Engalycheva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Александровна Енгалычева – кандидат с.-х. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, зав. лаборатории молекулярно-иммунологических исследований</p><p>143072, Московская область, Одинцовский район, п. ВНИИССОК, Селекционная, д.14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Engalycheva – Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory Molecular Immunological Research</p><p>14, Selectsionnaya str., VNIISSOK, Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">engirina1980@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8718-4508</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривенков</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivenkov</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Леонид Викторович Кривенков – кандидат с.-х. наук, старший научный сотрудник, зав. лаборатории селекции и семеноводства луковых культур</p><p>143072, Московская область, Одинцовский район, п. ВНИИССОК, Селекционная, д.14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid V. Krivenkov – Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Breeding and Seed Production of Onion Crops</p><p>14, Selectsionnaya str., VNIISSOK, Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krivenkov76@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6561-9806</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логунова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Logunova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валентина Владимировна Логунова – кандидат с.-х. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории селекции и семеноводства луковых культур</p><p>143072, Московская область, Одинцовский район, п. ВНИИССОК, Селекционная, д.14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina V. Logunova – Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Breeding and Seed Production of Onion Crops</p><p>14, Selectsionnaya str., VNIISSOK, Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">logunovavalentina777@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4670-1442</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дацюк</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Datsyuk</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ксения Игоревна Дацюк – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологических основ семеноведения овощных культур</p><p>143072, Московская область, Одинцовский район, п. ВНИИССОК, Селекционная, д.14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kseniya I. Datsyuk – Junior Researcher of the Laboratory of Physiological Basis of Seed Science of Vegetable Crops</p><p>14, Selectsionnaya str., VNIISSOK, Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ks_datsyuk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5140-6920</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каракай</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karakay</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Милена Вячеславовна Каракай – агроном лаборатории бактериологии и анализа ГМО</p><p>140150, Московская область, Раменский район, пгт. Быково, ул. Пограничная, д. 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Milena V. Karakay – the Agronomist of the Laboratory of Bacteriology and GMO Analysis</p><p>32, Pogranichnaya str., Bykovo, Ramensky district, Moscow region, 40150</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный научный центр овощеводства» (ФГБНУ ФНЦО)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Vegetable Center» (FSBSI FSVC)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Всероссийский центр карантина растений» (ФГБУ «ВНИИКР»)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution «All-Russian Plant Quarantine Centre» (FGBU VNIIKR)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ветрова С.А., Марчева М.М., Середин Т.М., Солдатенко А.В., Енгалычева И.А., Кривенков Л.В., Логунова В.В., Дацюк К.И., Каракай М.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ветрова С.А., Марчева М.М., Середин Т.М., Солдатенко А.В., Енгалычева И.А., Кривенков Л.В., Логунова В.В., Дацюк К.И., Каракай М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vetrova S.A., Marcheva M.M., Seredin T.M., Soldatenko A.V., Engalycheva I.A., Krivenkov L.V., Logunova V.V., Datsyuk K.I., Karakay M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2770">https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2770</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. В селекции лука репчатого приоритетным направлением является создание межлинейных гибридов на основе цитоплазматической мужской стерильности, для получения которых необходимо создать фонд инбредных линий, характеризующихся высокой комбинационной способностью по комплексу хозяйственно ценных признаков, устойчивостью к биотическим и абиотическим факторам. Наиболее вредоносными болезнями лука репчатого являются фузариоз и бактериоз с потерей урожая от 40 % и более. </p><p>Цель исследований – провести оценку родительских линий и гибридных комбинаций на их основе по устойчивости к аборигенным штаммам возбудителей фузариозной и бактериальной гнили.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследования проводили в 2022–2024 годах в ФГБНУ ФНЦО в Одинцовском районе Московской области. Проанализировано 12 селекционных линий и девять гибридных комбинаций лука репчатого. Лук репчатый выращивали через рассаду в селекционном и гибридном питомниках согласно общепринятым методикам. Оценку устойчивости исследуемых образцов к фузариозу и бактериозу проводили с применением фитопатологических методов селекции. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что в условиях вегетации Московской области основу патокомплекса смешанной гнили лука составляли Fusarium spp. и Pseudomonas spp., в условиях хранения – Fusarium spp., Penicill spp., Botrytis spp., Aspergillus spp., Pseudomonas spp. Иммунологическая оценка родительских линий по устойчивости к фузариозной и бактериальной гнили позволила выделить две материнские стерильные линии «А» и пять отцовских фертильных линий «C» с невысоким индексом поражения в условиях естественного инфекционного фона (I=0,5-1,5). Включение данных линий в селекционный процесс позволило получить две гибридные комбинации (10/22 и 20/22) с групповой устойчивостью к аборигенным штаммам фузариоза (F. acuminatum и F. annulatum) с Vп=0-472 мм3; две (7/22 и 10/22) – с групповой устойчивостью к возбудителям бактериальной гнили с Vп=0-514 мм3. Источниками устойчивости к высокоагрессивным штаммам P. marginalis являются гибридные комбинации 3/22 и 4/22 (Vп=40-472 мм3), P. fluorescens –7/22 и 22/22 (Vп=0-371 мм3). В комбинациях 11/22, 19/22 и 10/22 отмечено сверхдоминирование относительно лучшего родителя по сохранности луковиц во время хранения (эффект гетерозиса 8,3-30,5%). Перспективные устойчивые линии и гибридные комбинации включены в селекционную программу по созданию отечественных конкурентоспособных гетерозисных гибридов лука репчатого.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. In onion breeding, the priority is the development of interline hybrids based on cytoplasmic male sterility. To obtain these hybrids, it is necessary to develop a pool of inbred lines characterized by high combining ability across a range of economically valuable traits and resistance to biotic and abiotic factors. The most damaging diseases of onions are Fusarium wilt and bacterial wilt, which can cause yield losses of 40% or more.</p></sec><sec><title>The aim of the research</title><p>The aim of the research. To evaluate parental lines and hybrid combinations based on them for resistance to native strains of Fusarium and bacterial rot pathogens.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The study was conducted from 2022 to 2024 at the FSBSI FSVC in the Odintsovo District of the Moscow Region. Twelve onion breeding lines and nine hybrid combinations were analyzed. The onions were grown from seedlings in breeding and hybrid nurseries according to generally accepted methods. The resistance of the studied samples to Fusarium and bacterial rot was assessed using phytopathological selection methods. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was established that under the vegetation conditions of the Moscow region, the basis of the pathocomplex of mixed rot of onions consisted of Fusarium spp. and Pseudomonas spp., while under storage conditions – Fusarium spp., Penicill spp., Botrytis spp., Aspergillus spp., Pseudomonas spp. Immunological assessment of parental lines for resistance to fusarium and bacterial rot allowed us to isolate two maternal sterile lines «A» and five paternal fertile lines «C» with a low damage index under natural infectious background conditions (I=0,5-1,5). Inclusion of these lines in the selection process made it possible to obtain two hybrid combinations (10/22 and 20/22) with group resistance to native strains of fusarium (F. acuminatum and F. annulatum) with Vп=0-472 mm3; two (7/22 and 10/22) – with group resistance to bacterial rot pathogens with Vп=0- 514 mm3. The sources of resistance to highly aggressive strains of P. marginalis are hybrid combinations 3/22 and 4/22 (Vп=40-472 mm3), P. fluorescens – 7/22 and 22/22 (Vп=0-371 mm3). In the 11/22, 19/22, and 10/22 combinations, overdominance was observed relative to the best parent in terms of bulb survival during storage (heterosis effect of 8,3-30,5%). Promising resistant lines and hybrid combinations have been included in the breeding program for the development of domestic competitive heterotic onion hybrids.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лук репчатый (Allium cepa L.)</kwd><kwd>родительские линии</kwd><kwd>гибрид</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd><kwd>бактериоз</kwd><kwd>фузариоз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>onion</kwd><kwd>Allium cepa L.</kwd><kwd>parental lines</kwd><kwd>hybrid</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>bacteriosis</kwd><kwd>fusarium</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования выполнены по Государственному заданию FGGF-2025-0003, FGGF-2024-0010.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out under State Contracts FGGF-2025-0003 and FGGF-2024-0010.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кривенков Л.В., Агафонов А.Ф., Логунова В.В., Середин Т.М. 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