ovoshchiОвощи РоссииVegetable crops of Russia2072-91462618-7132Федеральный научный центр овощеводства10.18619/2072-9146-2025-4-25-32ovoshchi-2719Research ArticleСЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО И БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ РАСТЕНИЙBREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION AND PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGYФизиологические особенности устойчивости генотипов томата к высоким температурамPhysiological features of tolerance of tomato genotypes on high temperatureshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7055-9932РажаметовШ. Н.RajametovSh. N.

Шерзод Нигматуллаевич Ражаметов – кандидат с.-х. наук, исследователь

г. Ташкент, Узбекистан

 

Sherzod N. Rajametov – PhD (Agriculture), Post Doctoral Researcher

sherzod_2004@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8321-4826ЧоМ.-Ч.ChoM.-C.

Мёнг Чеол Чо – кандидат с.-х. наук, заведующий лабораторией

г. Ванжу, Республика Корея

Myeong-Cheoul Cho – PhD (Agriculture), Head of Laboratory

chomc@korea.krНаучно-исследовательский институт генетических ресурсов растенийУзбекистанResearch institute of plant genetic resourcesUzbekistanНациональный научно-исследовательский институт плодоовощеводства и лекарственных растений Республики КореяЮжная КореяNational Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development AdministrationKorea, Republic of202520092025042532Copyright © Ражаметов Ш.Н., Чо М., 20252025Ражаметов Ш.Н., Чо М.Rajametov S.N., Cho M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2719

Актуальность. Томат (Solanum lycopersicum L.) является одним из важнейших овощных культур в мире. В условиях изменения климата разработка сортов, устойчивых к жаре, стала ключевой темой исследований в области селекции томата. Тепловая устойчивость – это феномен, регулируемый стадиями развития, и ее механизм до сих пор неизвестен, и на одной стадии развития может быть связана или не быть связанной с устойчивостью на других стадиях. Изучения реакцию генотипов томата и определить ключевые физиологические характеристики, связанные с устойчивостью к высоким температурам, является актуальным.Материал и методы. Экспериментальный дизайн этого исследования был полностью рандомизированным. Тридцать восемь сортов томатов были разделены на типы плодов: черри (<50 г), средний (50–<100 г) и крупный (> 100 г). Сбор данных и статистический анализ проводился с общее принятыми методами.Результаты. Результаты показали, что для эффективной селекции сортов томатов, устойчивых к тепловому стрессу, необходимо учитывать, как физиологические реакции растений томата на высокие температуры, так и генотипическую специфику каждого сорта, а также размер плодов, который оказывает влияние на продуктивность в условиях повышенных температур. Выявлена корреляция между урожайностью в условиях контроля и в условиях высокой температуры, что указывает на то, что сорта с высоким урожаем в условиях контроля могут также показывать хороший результат по урожайности и в условиях высоких температур. 

Relevance. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops in the world. With climate change, the development of heat-tolerant varieties has become a key research focus in tomato breeding. Heat tolerance is a phenomenon regulated by developmental stages, and its mechanism remains unknown. Tolerance at one stage of development may or may not be linked to tolerance at other stages. Studying the response of tomato genotypes and identifying key physiological traits associated with heat tolerance is highly relevant.Methodology. The experimental design of this study was completely randomized. Thirty-eight tomato varieties were categorized based on fruit type: cherry (<50 g), medium (50–<100 g), and large (>100 g). Data collection and statistical analysis were conducted using widely accepted methods.Results. The results showed that for effective selection of heat-stress-tolerant tomato varieties, it is essential to consider both the physiological responses of tomato plants to high temperatures and the genotypic specificity of each variety. Additionally, fruit size plays a role in productivity under elevated temperature conditions. A correlation was found between yield under control conditions and under high temperature conditions, indicating that varieties with high yield under control conditions may also perform well in terms of yield under high temperature conditions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.