ovoshchiОвощи РоссииVegetable crops of Russia2072-91462618-7132Федеральный научный центр овощеводства10.18619/2072-9146-2025-3-10-15ovoshchi-2678Research ArticleСЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО И БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ РАСТЕНИЙBREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION AND PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGYПоиск генотипов перца с высокой адаптивной способностью к ночным низким температурам на основе изучения физиологических особенностейSearch for pepper genotypes with high adaptive ability to low night temperatures based on the study of physiological characteristicshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7055-9932РажаметовШ. Н.RajametovSh. N.

Шерзод Нигматуллаевич Ражаметов – кандидат с.-х. наук, исследователь

Ташкент

Sherzod N. Rajametov – PhD (Agriculture), Post Doctoral Researcher

Tashkent

sherzod_2004@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8321-4826ЧоМ.-Ч.ChoM.-Ch.

Мёнг Чеол Чо – кандидат с.-х. наук, заведующий лабораторией

Ванжу

Myeong-Cheoul Cho – PhD (Agriculture), Head of Laboratory

Wanju, 55365

chomc@korea.krНаучно-исследовательский институт генетических ресурсов растенийУзбекистанResearch institute of plant genetic resourcesUzbekistanНациональный научно-исследовательский институт плодоовощеводства и лекарственных растений Республики КореяЮжная КореяNational Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development AdministrationKorea, Republic of202517072025031015Copyright © Ражаметов Ш.Н., Чо М., 20252025Ражаметов Ш.Н., Чо М.Rajametov S.N., Cho M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2678Актуальность

Актуальность. Глобальные изменения климата, характеризующиеся колебаниями температур, увеличением частоты экстремальных температурных явлений, таких как тепловой и холодовой стресс, становятся серьезной угрозой для урожайности сельскохозяйственных культур. В данной статье представлены результаты исследования адаптивных свойств различных генотипов перца к низким ночным температурам на основе их физиологических характеристик, что является актуальной работой в области селекции растений.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Экспериментальный дизайн этого исследования был полностью рандомизированным и использовалась строгая методика измерений репродуктивных параметров у 39 геонтипов перца. Саженцы перца высаживали в одинаковой схеме в теплицах с разными температурными режимами (10°C и 15°C), и для каждой из трех независимых биологических повторности случайным образом выбирали по три растения из десяти, чтобы измерить параметры репродуктивных органов. Сбор данных и статистический анализ проводился с общее принятыми методами.

Результаты

Результаты. Установлено, что низкие ночные температуры существенно влияют развития репродуктивных органов и снижают урожайность большинства генотипов, однако “NW Bigarim” и “Desi” проявили устойчивость к холодовому стрессу. Генотипическая зависимость реакции растений подтверждается меньшей чувствительностью генотипов “Nikar” и “Dar Tashkenta”. Температурный стресс уменьшал размер плодов и способствовал формированию бессемянных экземпляров, но у генотипа “Monori tf.”, напротив, количество семян увеличилось. Полученные данные подчеркивают значимость отбора устойчивых генотипов для селекции и успешного выращивания перца в условиях пониженных температур.

This article presents the results of a study on the adaptive properties of various pepper genotypes to low nighttime temperatures (LT) based on their physiological characteristics. It was found that LT slow down growth and reduce yield in most varieties; however, C22 and P08 exhibited resistance to cold stress. The genotypic dependence of plant response is confirmed by the lower sensitivity of varieties C17 and P06. Temperature stress reduced fruit size and contributed to the formation of seedless fruits, whereas in variety C12, the number of seeds increased. The obtained data highlight the importance of selecting resistant genotypes for breeding and successful pepper cultivation under low-temperature conditions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.