ovoshchiОвощи РоссииVegetable crops of Russia2072-91462618-7132Федеральный научный центр овощеводства10.18619/2072-9146-2025-2-70-81ovoshchi-2614Research ArticleАГРОХИМИЯ, АГРОПОЧВОВЕДЕНИЕ, ЗАЩИТА И КАРАНТИН РАСТЕНИЙAGROCHEMISTRY, SOIL SCIENCE, PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINEЛук репчатый. Биологическая активность, антиоксиданты, устойчивость к неблагоприятным факторам средыAllium cepa. Biological activity, antioxidants, tollerance to unfavourable environmental factorshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1803-9168ГолубкинаН. А.GolubkinaN. A.

Надежда Александровна Голубкина – доктор с.-х. наук, главный научный сотрудник лабораторно-аналитического отдела

143072, Московская область, Одинцовский район, п. ВНИИССОК, ул. Селекционная, д.14

Nadezhda A. Golubkina – Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Head Researcher of Laboratory-Analytical Department

14, Selectsionnaya str., VNIISSOK, Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072

segolubkina45@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-200XНемтиновВ. И.NemtinovV. I.

Виктор Илларионович Немтинов – доктор с.-х. наук, главный научный сотрудник, Отдел селекции и семеноводства овощных и бахчевых культур

295043, Республика Крым, Симферополь, Киевская ул., 150

Viktor I. Nemtinov – Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Head Researcher of Department of selection and seed production of vegetable and melon crops

150, Kievskaya str., Simferopol, Republic of Crimea, 295043

nemtin2@mail.ruАмаговаЗ. А.AmagovaZ. A.

Зарема Ахметовна Амагова – научный сотрудник

366021, г. Грозный

Zarema A. Amagova – Researcher

Grozny, 366021

amman1999@mail.ruКошеваровА. А.KoshevarovA. A.

Андрей Александрович Кошеваров – научный сотрудник

143072, Московская область, Одинцовский район, п. ВНИИССОК, ул. Селекционная, д.14

Andrew A. Koshevarov – Researcher

14, Selectsionnaya str., VNIISSOK, Odintsovo district, Moscow region, 143072

zato@inbox.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный центр овощеводства" (ФГБНУ ФНЦО)РоссияFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (FSBSI FSVC)Russian FederationНаучно-исследовательский Институт Сельского Хозяйства КрымаРоссияCrimean Agricultural InstituteRussian FederationЧеченский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйстваРоссияChechen Scientific Institute of AgricultureRussian Federation202518042025027081Copyright © Голубкина Н.А., Немтинов В.И., Амагова З.А., Кошеваров А.А., 20252025Голубкина Н.А., Немтинов В.И., Амагова З.А., Кошеваров А.А.Golubkina N.A., Nemtinov V.I., Amagova Z.A., Koshevarov A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2614

Производство и использование лука репчатого является важнейшим элементом питания и поддержания здоровья человека. В обзоре рассмотрена совокупность биологически активных соединений лука, определяющих биологическое действие, особенности распределения антиоксидантов и углеводов между внешними и внутренними чешуями, изменения содержания и распределения биологически активных соединений и химических элементов при разных формах абиотического стресса: высоких температурах, засухе, подтоплении, воздействии тяжелых металлов, а также обсуждаются факторы, влияющие на остроту лука репчатого и уровни накопления природных антиоксидантов. Особое внимание уделено соединениям серы- алкенил цистеин сульфоксидам, полифенолам и флавоноидам, стеролам, фруктоолигосахаридам, органическим кислотам, аминокислотам и минералам. Рассмотрены вопросы селекции лука на устойчивость к воздействию неблагоприятных факторов окружающей среды. Представленные материалы могут явиться основой для направленного получения лука репчатого с высоким урожаем и высокими показателями качества.

Production and utilization of Allium cepa is the basis of nutritional value and the human health maintainance. The review discusses the main onion biologically active compounds, determining the biological activity of this vegetable, peculiarities of antioxidant and carbohydrate distribution between inner and outer scales, changes in the content and distribution of biologically active compounds and chemical elements in conditions of various abiotic stresses: high temperature, drought, flooding and heavy metal loading. Factors affecting onion pungency and natural antioxidant distribution are included. Special attention is payed to sulphur derivative alkenyl cysteine sulphoxides, and polyphenols and flavonoids, sterols, fructoolygosaccharides, organic acids, amino acids, and minerals. Onion selection on tolerance to the unfavorable environmental factors is discussed. The presented data may be the basis for the direct production of Allium cepa with high yield and valuable nutritional characteristics.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.