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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ovoshchi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Овощи России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vegetable crops of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9146</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7132</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр овощеводства</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18619/2072-9146-2025-1-52-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ovoshchi-2548</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>САДОВОДСТВО, ОВОЩЕВОДСТВО, ВИНОГРАДАРСТВО И ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫЕ КУЛЬТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HORTICULTURE, VEGETABLE PRODUCTION, VITICULTURE AND MEDICINAL CROPS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Научное обоснование агротехнических приемов возделывания лука репчатого на песчаных почвах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific substantiation of agrotechnical methods of cultivation of onions on sandy soils</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4675-7803</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рабданова</surname><given-names>З. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rabdanova</surname><given-names>Z. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зарема Курбановна Рабданова – аспирант кафедры земледелия, почвоведения и мелиорации</p><p>367032, Республика Дагестан, г. Махачкала, ул. М. Гаджиева, д.180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zarema K. Rabdanova – Postgraduate Student of the Department of Agriculture, Soil Science and Land Reclamation</p><p>180, st. M. Hajiyeva, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, 367032</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rabdanova.zarema@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7559-2456</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Магомедова</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Magomedova</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Диана Султановна Магомедова – доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, профессор РАН</p><p>367014, Республика Дагестан, г. Махачкала, мкр. Научный городок, ул. А. Шахбанова, 30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Diana S. Magomedova – Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Professor, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)</p><p>30, A. Shabanov str., Nauchni gorodok, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, 367014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mds-agro@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9390-5180</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбанов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbanov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Серажутдин Аминович Курбанов – доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор</p><p>367032, Республика Дагестан, г. Махачкала, ул. М. Гаджиева, д.180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Serazhutdin A. Kurbanov – Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Professor</p><p>180, st. M. Hajiyeva, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, 367032</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kurbanovsa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Дагестанский государственный аграрный университет имени М.М. Джамбулатова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBEI HE "Dagestan State Agrarian University by M.M. Dzhambulatov"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научной учреждение «Федеральный аграрный научный центр Республики Дагестан»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Agricultural Research Center of the Republic of Dagestan"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рабданова З.К., Магомедова Д.С., Курбанов С.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рабданова З.К., Магомедова Д.С., Курбанов С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rabdanova Z.K., Magomedova D.S., Kurbanov S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2548">https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2548</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. В «Стратегии социально-экономического развития Республики Дагестан на период до 2030 года» одной из основных задач развития эффективного агропромышленного комплекса и обеспечения продовольственной безопасности является рациональное использование земель сельскохозяйственного назначения, проведение инвентаризации и вовлечение в оборот неиспользуемых земель. Песчаные почвы республики используются в целях отгонного животноводства, а земледелие носит локальный характер. Опыт ряда регионов России свидетельствует о том, что песчаные почвы при правильном освоении и наличии водных ресурсов могут способствовать развитию орошаемого земледелия и вовлечению их в сельскохозяйственный оборот.</p><p>Цель исследований заключалась в научном обосновании приемов агротехники лука репчатого на песчаных почвах равнинного Дагестана, обеспечивающих получение рентабельного урожая на основе системы капельного орошения и применения стимуляторов роста.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы исследований</title><p>Методы исследований. В условиях равнинной зоны Республики Дагестан в условиях ОАО «Учебно-опытное хозяйство г. Махачкала» в 2020 году был заложен модельный опыт с терско-кумскими песками по выращиванию лука репчатого при разной густоте посевов, с разными схемами размещения капельных линий и капельниц и с применением листовых подкормок органоминеральным удобрением Биостим универсал в течение вегетации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что на песчаных почвах наиболее предпочтителен разряженный посев семян лука репчатого – 425 тыс. раст./га с размещением растений через 0,1 м в ряду при схеме размещения капельных линий 0,3×0,2 м и трехкратном применении стимулятора роста Биостим Универсал нормой 2 л/га. Такое сочетание изучаемых агротехнических приемов обеспечивает получение до 30 т/га товарной продукции. Расчет экономической эффективности показал обеспечение рентабельности на уровне 163%.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. In the “Strategy for Socio-Economic Development of the Republic of Dagestan for the Period until 2030,” one of the main tasks of developing an effective agro-industrial complex and ensuring food security is the rational use of agricultural lands, conducting an inventory and bringing unused lands into circulation. The sandy lands of the republic used for transhumance livestock farming; farming is local in nature. The experience of a number of regions of Russia indicates that sandy lands, with proper development and the availability of water resources, can contribute to the development of irrigated agriculture and their involvement in agricultural use.</p><p>The purpose of the research was to scientifically substantiating onion agricultural techniques on the sandy lands of flat Dagestan, ensuring a profitable harvest based on a drip irrigation system and the use of growth stimulants.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. In the conditions of the flat zone of the Republic of Dagestan, in the conditions of the Makhachkala Educational and Experimental Farm OJSC (Open Joint Stock Company), in 2020, a model experiment launched with the Terek-Kuma sands for growing onions at different crop densities, with different layouts of drip lines and droppers and with the use foliar fertilizing with organomineral fertilizer Biostim universal during the growing season. "Educational and Experimental Farm"</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It has been established that on sandy lands, sparse sowing of onion seeds is most preferable – 425 thousand plants/ha with plants placed every 0.1 m in a row with a drip line placement pattern of 0.3×0.2 m and the use of a growth stimulator Biostim Universal. This combination of studied agro-technical techniques ensures the production of up to 30 t/ha of marketable products. The calculation of economic efficiency showed a profitability of 163%.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лук репчатый</kwd><kwd>песчаные почвы</kwd><kwd>система капельного орошения</kwd><kwd>густота посевов</kwd><kwd>некорневые подкормки</kwd><kwd>стимулятор роста</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>onions</kwd><kwd>sandy soils</kwd><kwd>drip irrigation system</kwd><kwd>crop density</kwd><kwd>foliar feeding</kwd><kwd>growth stimulator</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borisov V.A., Kolomiets A.A., Vasyuchkov I.Yu., Bebris A.R. Productivity and quality of onions when using mineral fertilizers, biocompost and growth regulators. Vegetable crops of Russia. 2021;(5):39-43. 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