ovoshchiОвощи РоссииVegetable crops of Russia2072-91462618-7132Федеральный научный центр овощеводства10.18619/2072-9146-2024-2-58-64ovoshchi-2369Research ArticleСАДОВОДСТВО, ОВОЩЕВОДСТВО, ВИНОГРАДАРСТВО И ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫЕ КУЛЬТУРЫHORTICULTURE, VEGETABLE PRODUCTION, VITICULTURE AND MEDICINAL CROPSБиохимические параметры плодов томата (Solanum lycopersicum L.) розовой окраски: зрелых и после закладки на хранениеThe biochemical characteristics of pink tomato fruits (Solanum lycopersicum L.): mature and after storagehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7795-7463МолчановаА. В.MolchanovaA. V.

Анна Владимировна Молчанова, кандидат с.-х. наук, старший научный сотрудник

Лабораторно-аналитический отдел

ул. Селекционная, д. 14; Московская область; Одинцовский район; ВНИИССОК

Anna V. Molchanova,  Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Senior Researcher

Analytical Department

14, Selectsionnaya str.; Moscow region; Odintsovo district; VNIISSOK

vovka_ks@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0548-1491КондратьеваИ. Ю.KondratyevaI. Yu.

Ирина Юрьевна Кондратьева,  кандидат с.-х. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

Лаборатория селекции и семеноводства паслёновых культур

ул. Селекционная, д. 14; Московская область; Одинцовский район; ВНИИССОК

Irina Yu. Kondratyeva, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher

Laboratory of Breeding and Seed Production of Solanaceae crops

14, Selectsionnaya str.; Moscow region; Odintsovo district; VNIISSOK

Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Федеральный научный овощеводческий центр (ФГБНУ ФНЦО)РоссияFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (FSBSI FSVC)Russian Federation202426032024025864Copyright © Молчанова А.В., Кондратьева И.Ю., 20242024Молчанова А.В., Кондратьева И.Ю.Molchanova A.V., Kondratyeva I.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2369   Актуальность

   Актуальность. Розовоплодные сорта и гибриды представляют интерес при употреблении в свежем виде (fresh consumption). Они имеют тонкую кожицу и оптимальное соотношение сахаров и органических кислот. Причём на биохимические параметры оказывает влияние фактор сорта и фактор условий выращивания. Известно, что зрелые томаты хранятся недолго. Размягчение плодов вызывает этилен, вырабатываемый в созревающих плодах. Затем в тканях плода синтезируются ферменты – пектиназы, под действием которых и происходит размягчение клеточных стенок плода. Селекционерами создаются линии томатов, плоды которых могли бы храниться длительное время и не терять своих вкусовых качеств.

   Цель исследования – оценка биохимических показателей розовоокрашенных плодов селекционных линий томата, собранных как зрелыми, так и заложенных на хранение в фазу молочной спелости.

   Материалы и методы

   Материалы и методы. Растения выращивали на опытных полях лаборатории селекции и семеноводства паслёновых культур ФГБНУ ФНЦО. В лабораторно-аналитическом отделе был изучен биохимический состав плодов зрелых томатов сразу при уборке и после закладки на хранение в фазе молочной спелости по следующим показателям: сухое вещество, аскорбиновая кислота, суммарное содержание водорастворимых антиоксидантов, титруемая кислотность, моносахара, полифенолы и каротиноиды.

   Результаты

   Результаты. У селекционного образца F4 (Lotos x Z6) было показано максимальное содержание сухого вещества и моносахаров как после хранения, так и у зрелых плодов. В этом же образце, как и у F5 (Lotos x Z6), было выявлено наибольшее содержание аскорбиновой кислоты после хранения. Остальные параметры до и после хранения в этих образцах были сравнимы. Тогда как по максимальному содержанию суммы антиоксидантов в спиртовом экстракте и содержанию водорастворимых антиоксидантов после хранения выделился образец F6 (Z6 x Lotos).

   Relevance

   Relevance. Tomato pink-fruit cultivars and hybrids are of interest for fresh consumption. The biochemical parameters are influenced by the varietal factor and by the growing conditions. It is known that mature tomatoes record low storability. The softening of the fruit is caused by ethylene produced in the ripening fruit. Then pectinase enzymes are synthesized in the fruit tissues, under the action of which the cell walls of the fruit soften. Breeders are creating tomato cultivars whose fruits could be stored for a long time without losing their tasty.

   The aim of the investigation was to study the biochemical parameters of pink-colored tomato fruits under different ripening conditions.

   Materials and methods

   Materials and methods. The plants were grown on the experimental fields of the Laboratory for Breeding and Seed Production of Solanaceae crops. In the Analytical Department, the biochemical composition of pink tomato fruits was studied during harvesting from the field and after laying for storage in the milky ripeness phase according to the following indicators: dry matter, ascorbic acid, total content of water-soluble antioxidants, titratable acidity, monosaccharides, polyphenols and carotenoids.

   Results

   Results. The breeding accession F4 (Lotos x Z6) showed maximum dry matter and monosaccharide content both after storage and in mature fruits. The same sample as F5 (Lotos x Z6) showed the highest ascorbic acid content after storage. Other parameters before and after storage in these samples were comparable. Whereas, breeding accession F6 (Z6 x Lotos) stood out in terms of maximum content of sum of antioxidants in alcoholic extract and content of water-soluble antioxidants after storage.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.