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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ovoshchi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Овощи России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vegetable crops of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9146</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7132</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр овощеводства</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18619/2072-9146-2024-1-74-80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ovoshchi-2334</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АГРОХИМИЯ, АГРОПОЧВОВЕДЕНИЕ, ЗАЩИТА И КАРАНТИН РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGROCHEMISTRY, SOIL SCIENCE, PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фитовирусы в системе семеноводства картофеля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Plant viruses in the system of seed potato production</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4383-3390</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Собко</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sobko</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Абдулалиевна Собко – аспирант, научный сотрудник лаборатории селекционно-генетических исследований полевых культур</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57218617568 </p><p>692539, Приморский край, г. Уссурийск п. Тимирязевский ул. Воложенина, 30б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Sobko – Researcher of the Laboratory of Breeding and Genetic Research on Field Crops</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57218617568 </p><p>Volozhenina st., 30B Timiryazevsky stl., Ussuriysk, Primorsky kray, 692539</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.eyvazova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-4641</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фисенко</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fisenko</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петр Викторович Фисенко – кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, и.о. зав. лабораторией селекционно-генетических исследований полевых культур</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 26532574300 </p><p>692539, Приморский край, г. Уссурийск п. Тимирязевский ул. Воложенина, 30б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petr V. Fisenko – Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, Acting Head of the laboratory of Breeding and Genetic Research of Field Crops</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 26532574300 </p><p>Volozhenina st., 30B Timiryazevsky stl., Ussuriysk, Primorsky kray, 692539</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">phisenko@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0656-0645</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ким</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Вячеславовна Ким – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, и.о. зав. лабораторией диагностики болезней картофеля</p><p>692539, Приморский край, г. Уссурийск п. Тимирязевский ул. Воложенина, 30б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Kim – Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher, Acting Head of the Laboratory of Potato Disease Diagnostics</p><p>Volozhenina st., 30B Timiryazevsky stl., Ussuriysk, Primorsky kray, 692539</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kimira-80@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Федеральный научный центр агробиотехнологий Дальнего Востока имени А.К. Чайки»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Center of Agricultural Biotechnology of the Far East named after A.K. Chaiki”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Собко О.А., Фисенко П.В., Ким И.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Собко О.А., Фисенко П.В., Ким И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sobko O.A., Fisenko P.V., Kim I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2334">https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2334</self-uri><abstract><p>Solanum tuberosum L. поражается примерно 40 различными видами вирусов и 2 вироидами. Для ограничения распространения фитовирусов в полевых условиях необходимо обладать достоверными сведениями о видовом составе растений-резерваторов, суммарной векторной активности переносчиков и выявлении возможных путей распространения инфекции в конкретных местах выращивания семенного материала. Важно также выявление факторов, способствующих или препятствующих заражению растений вирусами и проявлению признаков болезней на различных сортах картофеля. Учет проявления фитовирусов осуществляли осмотром каждого растения в пробе, проводили по полным всходам, в фазу бутонизации-цветения и перед уничтожением ботвы. Сбор насекомых осуществляли стандартным энтомологическим методом. Тотальную РНК выделяли коммерческими наборами для выделения нуклеиновых кислот из растительного материала «ФитоСорб» (Синтол) с использованием магнитных частиц на автоматической станции выделения KingFisher Flex (ThermoScientific). Нами обнаружен факт накопления фитовирусной нагрузки в условиях отсутствия обновления посадочного материала картофеля. Исследуемые растения картофеля содержали смешанную вирусную инфекцию, состоящую из вирусов мозаичной группы: PVY, PVX, PVM, PVS PVA, а также PSTVd и PLRV. В результате отсутствия обновления семян происходит концентрация фитовирусов в агроэкосистеме, что увеличивает дополнительную вирусную нагрузку и способствует вторичному заражению картофеля. Среди насекомых, обитающих в агроэкосистеме картофельного поля, нами установлено, что векторами вирусной инфекции являлись насекомые рода Цикадка, Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata, Dolycoris baccarum, Mythimna separata, Lygus pratensis, Rhopalosiphum padi. Многие дикорастущие сорные растения являются кормовыми для насекомых – векторов, что способствует накоплению вирусной нагрузки в агробиоценозе, нами установлено, что основными растениями-резерваторами опасных вирусов картофеля являются многолетние, т.е. зимующие сорняки, такие как Sonchus arvensis, Taraxacum officinale. Мы определили, что носителями PVY являются Trifolium pratense typus L., Chenopodium album L., Plantago major L., Barbarea vulgaris W.T.Aiton, Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Все эти факторы являются одной из основных причин возникновения эпифитотийных ситуаций.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Solanum tuberosum L. is susceptible to 40 different virus species and 2 viroids. To prevent plant viruses from spreading in field conditions, it is necessary to have reliable data on the species composition of plant reservoirs of viral infection, the total activity of insect vectors, and possible ways of virus transmission in a particular territory of seed material production. Attention should be paid to the factors that facilitate and hinder the disease development in crops and to disease symptoms in different potato varieties. Manifestations of viral infections were monitored on every plant from the sample at the stages of initial growth, bud formation, and flowering and before the removal of potato haulms. Insects were collected using standard entomological method. The total RNA was isolated employing commercial kits for the extraction of nucleic acids from plant material “PhytoSorb” (Syntol Llc) and the benchtop automated extraction instrument KingFisher Flex (ThermoScientific) with magnetic particles. Plant viral infection was observed to accumulate if potato planting material was not renewed. The tested potato plants contained mixed viral infection, which consisted of viruses from mosaic group: PVY, PVX, PVM, PVS PVA, as well as PSTVd and PLRV. Without the renewal of seed potatoes, the concentration of plant viruses in an agroecosystem rises and causes secondary infections in potato plants. The research identified the main insect-vectors in the agroecosystem of potato fields: insects from genera Cicadella, Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata, Dolycoris baccarum, Mythimna separata, Lygus pratensis, and Rhopalosiphum padi. Many wild weeds serve as fodder plants for insect vectors facilitating the accumulation of plant viruses in agroecosystems. It was established that perennial weeds were the main plant reservoirs of dangerous viral infections, e.g. Sonchus arvensis and Taraxacum officinale. We determined that Trifolium pratense typus L., Chenopodium album L., Plantago major L., Barbarea vulgaris W.T. Aiton, and Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. were the reservoirs of PVY. All these factors can lead to an epiphytotic situation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>картофель</kwd><kwd>фитофаги</kwd><kwd>фитовирусы</kwd><kwd>растения-резерваторы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>potato</kwd><kwd>phytophagous insects</kwd><kwd>plant viruses</kwd><kwd>plant reservoirs of infection</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alegbeleye O., Odeyemi O.A, Strateva M., Stratev D. Microbial spoilage of vegetables, fruits and cereals. Appl. Food Res. 2022;2(1):100122. DOI: 10.1016/j.afres.2022.100122.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alegbeleye O., Odeyemi O.A, Strateva M., Stratev D. 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