ovoshchiОвощи РоссииVegetable crops of Russia2072-91462618-7132Федеральный научный центр овощеводства10.18619/2072-9146-2024-1-26-35ovoshchi-2327Research ArticleСАДОВОДСТВО, ОВОЩЕВОДСТВО, ВИНОГРАДАРСТВО И ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫЕ КУЛЬТУРЫHORTICULTURE, VEGETABLE PRODUCTION, VITICULTURE AND MEDICINAL CROPSВыявление предпочтений Сообщества по фруктовым деревьям и связанных с этим проблем на юго-западе ЭфиопииIdentification of community fruit tree preference and associated problems in South West Ethiopiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8535-2800АсмареМ.Т.AsmareM.T.

Мелкаму Терефе Асмаре – MSC, научный сотрудник 

Аддис-Абеба 

Melkamu Terefe Asmare – MSC, Researcher 

Addis Ababa 

melkamu1122@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4470-7281ДерероА.DereroA.

Абайне Дереро – PhD, старший научный сотрудник 

Аддис-Абеба

Abayneh Derero – PhD, Senior Researcher 

Addis Ababa 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3595-0132ДересуЗ.DeresuZ.

Зерфу Дересу – MSC, научный сотрудник 

Аддис-Абеба 

Zerfu Deresu – MSC, Researcher 

Addis Ababa 

Развитие лесного хозяйства ЭфиопииЭфиопияEthiopian Forestry DevelopmentEthiopia202414022024012635Copyright © Асмаре М., Дереро А., Дересу З., 20242024Асмаре М., Дереро А., Дересу З.Asmare M., Derero A., Deresu Z.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2327

Во всем мире предпочтения фруктовых деревьев со временем менялись. Однако наиболее желательные характеристики культивируемых видов фруктовых деревьев не были одинаковыми для всех видов и мест. Таким образом, целью данного исследования было определить предпочтения фермеров в отношении видов фруктовых деревьев и связанные с этим проблемы, с которыми они сталкиваются на четырех различных участках исследования, сгруппированных по полу и размеру семьи. На каждом выбранном участке исследования использовались методы равной выборки, в результате чего в структурированных интервью приняли участие в общей сложности 120 глав домохозяйств. Собранные данные затем были проанализированы с использованием программного обеспечения SPSS версии 26 с использованием тестов Манна-Уитни U и Крускала-Уоллиса. На всех участках исследования было обнаружено, что в общей сложности предпочтение отдается четырнадцати видам фруктовых деревьев из десяти семейств. Предпочтений фруктовых деревьев по признаку пола не выявило существенных различий среди респондентов между муниципалитетами в округах. Однако предпочтение фруктовых деревьев в зависимости от размера семьи показало значительную разницу между муниципалитетами в округах. Число видов, предпочитаемых из-за их жизненной ценности, было в два раза больше, чем тех, которые предпочитались по коммерческим причинам. Пропорции этих предпочтительных видов и процент наблюдаемых проблем с фруктовыми деревьями значительно различались на исследуемых участках. Из всех опрошенных глав домохозяйств 70% в муниципалитетах Фенике, 36,6% в Ките, 66,6% в Шешеке и 50% в Комета столкнулись с серьезными проблемами во время посадки фруктовых деревьев. Наиболее распространенными выявленными проблемами были болезни или заражение вредителями, отсутствие экспертной поддержки, наличия земли, знаний и доступа к саженцам. Для решения этих проблем важно использовать местные знания и научно проверенные исследовательские подходы, чтобы смягчить факторы, влияющие на предпочтения фермеров.

Globally, preferences for fruit trees have fluctuated over time. However, the most desirable attribute of cultivated fruit tree species has not been consistent across all species and locations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine farmers' preferences for fruit tree species and the associated problems they face in four different study sites, categorized by gender and family size. Equal sampling techniques were used in each selected study site, resulting in a total of 120 household heads participating in structured interviews. The data collected was then analyzed using SPSS version 26 software, utilizing the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Across the study sites, a total of fourteen fruit tree species from ten families were found to be preferred. The preference for fruit trees based on gender showed no significant difference among respondents between kebeles per woreda. However, the preference for fruit trees based on family size showed a significant difference between kebeles per woreda. The number of species preferred for their subsistence value was twice as large as those preferred for commercial reasons. The proportions of these preferred species and the percentage of observed problems with fruit trees varied significantly across the studied sites. Of all the interviewed household heads, 70% in Fenika, 36.6% in Kite, 66.6% in Shesheka, and 50% in Kometa kebeles encountered severe problems during fruit tree planting. The most common problems identified were disease or pest infestation, lack of expert support, land availability, knowledge, and access to seedlings. In order to address these issues, it is important to utilize indigenous knowledge and scientifically tested research approaches to alleviate the factors that influence farmers' preferences.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.