ovoshchiОвощи РоссииVegetable crops of Russia2072-91462618-7132Федеральный научный центр овощеводства10.18619/2072-9146-2023-6-129-135ovoshchi-2292Research ArticleМЕЛИОРАЦИЯ, ВОДНОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО И АГРОФИЗИКАIRRIGATION ENGINEERING, WATER MANAGEMENT AND AGROPHYSICSВлияние увеличения доли дальней красной области в полноспектральном светодиодном облучении на рост и развитие растений сахарной свеклы (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris var. saccharifera Alef.) в закрытых агробиотехносистемахThe effect of increasing the proportion of the far red region in full-spectrum LED irradiation on the growth and development of sugar beet plants (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris var. saccharifera Alef.) in closed agrobiotechnological systemshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5850-7654ВерникП. А.VernikP. A.

Петр Аркадьевич Верник – директор института

107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 15/13, стр. 5

Petr A. Vernik – Director

15/13, bldg. 5, Petrovka str., Moscow, 107031

petr@zolshar.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5481-2723ЗеленковВ. Н.ZelenkovV. N.

Валерий Николаевич Зеленков – к.х.н., д.с.-х.н., проф., гл. науч. сотр.

140153, Московская область, Раменский район, д. Верея, стр. 500 

117216, г. Москва, ул. Грина, д. 7

Valery N. Zelenkov – Doc. Sci. (Agriculture), Prof., Senior Researcher

p. 500, Vereya village, Ramensky district, Moscow region, 140153

7, Grina str., Moscow, 117216 

zelenkovraen@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-8965ЛатушкинВ. В.LatushkinV. V.

Вячеслав Васильевич Латушкин – к.с.-х.н., вед. науч. сотр.

107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 15/13, стр. 5

Vyacheslav V. Latushkin – Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher

15/13, bldg. 5, Petrovka str., Moscow, 107031

slavalat@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3388-5784КособрюховА. А.KosobryukhovA. A.

Анатолий Александрович Кособрюхов – д.б.н.,, вед. науч. сотр.

142290, Московская область, г. Пущино, Проспект Науки, д. 3

Anatoly A. Kosobryukhov – Doc. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher

3, Prospekt Nauki, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290

kosobr@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-8965НовиковВ. Б.NovikovV. B.

Владимир Борисович Новиков – нач. инженерного отдела

107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 15/13, стр. 5

Vladimir B. Novikov – Head of Engineering Department

15/13, bldg. 5, Petrovka str., Moscow, 107031

engin.food@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5991-5235ПутилинаЛ. Н.PutilinaL. N.

Людмила Николаевна Путилина – к.с.-х. н., вед. науч. сотр.

396030, Воронежская область, Рамонский район, п. ОПХ ВНИИСС, д. 86

Lyudmila N. Putilina – Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher

86, VNIISS, Ramonsky district, Voronezh region, 396030

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7326-2157ИвановаМ. И.IvanovaM. I.

Мария Ивановна Иванова – д.с.-х.н., проф. РАН, гл. науч. сотр.

140153, Московская область, Раменский район, д. Верея, стр. 500 

Maria I. Ivanova – Doc. Sci. (Agriculture), Prof., Senior Researcher

7, Grina str., Moscow, 117216 

ivanova_170@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2824-9302ГавриловС. В.GavrilovS. V.

Сергей Викторович Гаврилов – нач. отдела телеметрии

107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 15/13, стр. 5

Sergey V. Gavrilov – Head of the Telemetry Department

15/13, bldg. 5, Petrovka str., Moscow, 107031

gavrilovrial@mail.ruАвтономная некоммерческая организация «Институт стратегий развития»РоссияIndependent NPO Institute for Socio-Economic Strategies and Development Technologies (Institute for Development Strategies)Russian FederationВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт овощеводства – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр овощеводства» (ВНИИО – филиал ФГБНУ ФНЦО); Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт лекарственных и ароматических растений»РоссияAll-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Vegetable Center"; All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants»Russian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Институт фундаментальных проблем биологии «Федеральный исследовательский центр «Пущинский научный центр биологических исследований Российской академии наук»РоссияInstitute of Basic Biological Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences (IBBP RAS)Russian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сахарной свёклы имени А.Л. Мазлумова»РоссияThe A.L. Mazlumov All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet and SugarRussian FederationВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт овощеводства – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр овощеводства» (ВНИИО – филиал ФГБНУ ФНЦО)РоссияAll-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants»Russian Federation20230512202306129135Copyright © Верник П.А., Зеленков В.Н., Латушкин В.В., Кособрюхов А.А., Новиков В.Б., Путилина Л.Н., Иванова М.И., Гаврилов С.В., 20232023Верник П.А., Зеленков В.Н., Латушкин В.В., Кособрюхов А.А., Новиков В.Б., Путилина Л.Н., Иванова М.И., Гаврилов С.В.Vernik P.A., Zelenkov V.N., Latushkin V.V., Kosobryukhov A.A., Novikov V.B., Putilina L.N., Ivanova M.I., Gavrilov S.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2292

Актуальность и методология. С целью определения влияния увеличения доли дальнего красного света (различного соотношения красного и дальнего красного света) в общем спектре полихромного облучения на показатели роста растения сахарной свеклы гибрида Смена выращивали в течение 82 суток при светодиодном освещении в условиях регулируемого климата в цифровом устройстве «Синерготрон» модели ИСР 2.01 с двукратным увеличением доли дальнего красного света по сравнению с контролем.

Результаты. Увеличение доли дальнего красного света приводило к повышению удельной массы листьев при меньшей их площади в начальный период роста растений, более высоким значениям квантового выхода фотосинтеза, скорости электронного транспорта и снижению потерь энергии преимущественно в тепло. Биометрические показатели растений изменялись в зависимости от периода онтогенеза. В начальный период превалировала биомасса надземной части, в последующий – биомасса корнеплодов. В опытном варианте накопление биомассы в надземной части растений в начальный период эксперимента оказалась меньше, чем в контроле, и только в конце эксперимента отмечено превышение общей биомассы в опытном варианте на 12,2%. Происходило повышение накопления биомассы корнеплода по сравнению с контролем на 38,7%. Преобладающую часть надземной биомассы сахарной свеклы составляли листовые пластинки, доля черешков значительно меньше и практически не зависела от состава света. В конце периода выращивания содержание сухих веществ в корнеплодах возрастало на 2,44% по сравнению с контролем, сахаристость – на 0,65%. Полученные данные могут быть использованы при разработке технологии искусственного освещения сахарной свеклы при выращивании в закрытых агробиотехносистемах с целью повышения урожайности и сахаристости корнеплодов

Relevance and methodology. In order to determine the effect of increasing the proportion of far red light (different ratio of red and far red light) in the total spectrum of polychrome irradiation on the growth rates of sugar beet plants of the Smena hybrid, they were grown for 82 days under LED lighting under controlled climate conditions in a Synergotron digital device of the ISR 2.01 model with a twofold increase in the proportion of far red light compared to control.

Results. An increase in the proportion of far red light led to an increase in the specific weight of leaves with a smaller area of leaves in the initial period of plant growth, higher values of the quantum yield of photosynthesis, the rate of electron transport, and a decrease in energy losses mainly to heat. The biometric indicators of plants changed depending on the period of ontogeny. In the initial period, the biomass of the aerial part prevailed, in the subsequent period, the biomass of root crops. In the experimental variant, the accumulation of biomass in the aerial parts of plants in the initial period of the experiment turned out to be less than in the control, and only at the end of the experiment was an excess of the total biomass in the experimental variant by 12.2%. There was an increase in the accumulation of root biomass compared to the control by 38.7%. The predominant part of the aboveground biomass of sugar beet was made up of leaf blades, the proportion of petioles was much less and practically did not depend on the composition of the light. At the end of the growing period, the dry matter content in root crops increased by 2.44% compared to the control, sugar content – by 0.65%. The data obtained can be used in the development of technology for artificial lighting of sugar beets when grown in closed agrobiotechnosystems in order to increase the yield and sugar content of root crops.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.