ovoshchiОвощи РоссииVegetable crops of Russia2072-91462618-7132Федеральный научный центр овощеводства10.18619/2072-9146-2023-4-23-29ovoshchi-2201Research ArticleСЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО И БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ РАСТЕНИЙBREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION AND PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGYХарактеристика биохимического состава и антиоксидантной активности Spinacia oleracea L. и Spinacia turkestanica Iljin.: сравнительное исследованиеCharacterization of the biochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Spinacia oleracea L. and Spinacia turkestanica Iljin.: a comparative studyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9967-7454СоколоваД. В.SokolovaD. V.

Диана Викторовна Соколова – старший научный сотрудник Отдела генетических ресурсов овощных и бахчевых культур, куратор коллекции свеклы, амаранта и шпината 

190000, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, д .42,44

Diana V. Sokolova – Senior Researcher, Department of Genetic Resources of Vegetable and Cucurbit Crops, Beet, spinach and amaranth collection curator 

42-44 Bolshaya Morskaya St., St. Petersburg, 190000

dianasokol@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6201-4294СоловьеваА. Е.SolovievaA. E.

Алла Евгеньевна Соловьева – старший научный сотрудник отдела Биохимии и молекулярной биологии ВИР

190000, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, д .42,44

Alla E. Solovieva – Senior Researcher, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 

42-44 Bolshaya Morskaya St., St. Petersburg, 190000

Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н. И. Вавилова (ВИР)РоссияFederal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)Russian Federation202318072023042329Copyright © Соколова Д.В., Соловьева А.Е., 20232023Соколова Д.В., Соловьева А.Е.Sokolova D.V., Solovieva A.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2201

Шпинат - экономически значимая овощная культура, широко возделываемая и потребляемая во всем мире. Этот скороспелый листовой овощ богат биологически активными компонентами, клетчаткой, микро- и макроэлементами, витаминами, обладает высокой антиоксидантной активностью. Многочисленные результаты изучения влияния шпината на здоровье человека подтверждают его благотворное действие. В производстве культивируют вид S. oleracea L. Прародителем культурного вида шпината является вид S. turkestanica Iljin., обладающий потенциалом для селекции по различным хозяйственно-ценным признакам. Его биохимический состав изучен крайне мало. В настоящей работе дана сравнительная оценка биохимического профиля и антиоксидантной активности культурного и дикого видов шпината. Материалом для исследования послужила репрезентативная выборка из 48 образцов коллекции шпината ВИР. Образцы выращивались в 2019 и 2020 году в условиях открытого грунта Пушкинских и Павловских лабораторий Всероссийского института генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова. Антиоксидантную активность изучали методом DPPH на спектрофотометре путем поглощения свободных радикалов раствора, измеряемое при длине волны 515 нм. Выявлено значительное сходство двух видов по большинству биохимических показателей, что подтверждает их филогенетическое родство. Существенные различия обнаружены в содержании фенольных элементов, определяющих повышенные значения антиоксидантной и антирадикальной активности S. turkestanica Iljin. В статье приведены корреляционные матрицы видового биохимического состава, описаны общие тенденции, отрицательные взаимосвязи и сопряженные факторы. Выделившиеся перспективные образцы как культурного, так и дикого видов шпината рекомендованы для селекции на увеличение содержания фенольных соединений, аскорбиновой кислоты и антиоксидантной активности. Результат исследования помогает раскрыть потенциал культуры, как ценного источника биологически-активных компонентов и высокой антиоксидантной активности.

Spinach is an economically important vegetable crop widely cultivated and consumed worldwide. This early ripening leafy vegetable is rich in bioactive components, fiber, micro and macro elements, vitamins, and has high antioxidant activity. Results of numerous studies on the effects of spinach on human health confirm its beneficial effect. The species S. oleracea L. is cultivated commercially. The ancestor of cultivated spinach is S. turkestanica Iljin, which has a breeding potential for different economically valuable traits. Its biochemical composition has been studied extremely little. The present article offers a comparative evaluation of the biochemical profile and antioxidant activity of cultivated and wild spinach species. The material for the study was a representative sample of 48 collection accessions of spinach from the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR). The accessions were grown in 2019 and 2020 in the open ground of the Pushkin and Pavlovsk Laboratories of VIR. The antioxidant activity was studied spectrophotometrically by the DPPH assay of free radical scavenging at a wavelength of 515 nm. A significant similarity of the two species in most biochemical parameters was revealed, which confirms their phylogenetic relationship. Significant differences were found in the content of phenolic elements, which determine the elevated values of antioxidant and antiradical activity of S. turkestanica. The article presents correlation matrices of species biochemical composition, describes general trends, negative relationships and conjugated factors. The identified promising accessions of both cultivated and wild spinach are recommended for breeding for increased content of phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity. The result of the study helps to reveal the potential of the crop as a valuable source of bioactive components and high antioxidant activity.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.