ovoshchiОвощи РоссииVegetable crops of Russia2072-91462618-7132Федеральный научный центр овощеводства10.18619/2072-9146-2023-4-13-22ovoshchi-2200Research ArticleСЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО И БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ РАСТЕНИЙBREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION AND PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGYПолучение и оценка селекционного материала для создания F1 гибридов капусты пекинской (B.rapa ssp. pekinensis) c устойчивостью к стрессовым факторамObtaining and evaluating breeding material for the creation of F1 hybrids of Chinese cabbage (B. rapa ssp. pekinensis) with resistance to stress factorshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4115-0606ЗаставнюкА. Д.ZastavnyukA. D.

Анастасия Дмитриевна Заставнюк – аспирант кафедры ботаники селекции и семеноводства садовых растений, младший научный сотрудник

ResearcherID: ADP-6159–2022 

127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Anastasia D. Zastavnyuk – PhD student, Department of Botany, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology; Junior Researcher

ResearcherID: ADP-6159–2022 

Timiryazevskaya str., 49, Moscow, 127550

a.zastavnuk@rgau-msha.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6603-6933МонахосГ. Ф.MonakhosG. F.

Григорий Федорович Монахос – кандидат с.-х. наук, генеральный директор

127550, г. Москва, ул. Пасечная, д.5

Grigory F. Monakhos – Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), General Director 

Pasechnaya str., 5, Moscow, 127550

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9404-8862МонахосС. Г.MonakhosS. G.

Сократ Григорьевич Монахос – доктор с.-х. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой ботаники, селекции и семеноводства садовых растений

Researcher ID: L-5962-2013

Scopus Author ID: 56052882900

127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Sokrat G. Monakhos – Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Prof., Head of the Department Botany, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology

Researcher ID: L-5962-2013

Scopus Author ID: 56052882900 

Timiryazevskaya str., 49, Moscow, 127550

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А.Тимирязева» (ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева)РоссияFederal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural AcademyRussian FederationООО «Селекционная станция им. Н.Н. Тимофеева»РоссияBreeding Station named after Nikolay N. TimofeevRussian Federation202318072023041322Copyright © Заставнюк А.Д., Монахос Г.Ф., Монахос С.Г., 20232023Заставнюк А.Д., Монахос Г.Ф., Монахос С.Г.Zastavnyuk A.D., Monakhos G.F., Monakhos S.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2200

Актуальность и цель исследования. Капуста пекинская – овощная культура с высоким содержанием витаминов и низкой калорийностью, ценится за возможность получать несколько урожаев в год и высокую продуктивность. В последнее время поставки овоща в Россию сократились. В Госреестре менее 70 сортов и гибридов культуры, многие восприимчивы к важнейшим заболеваниям. Необходимо удовлетворить потребительский спрос и пополнить Госреестр новыми продуктивными коммерческими гибридами с устойчивостью к стрессорам. Цель исследования состояла в оценке и создании генотипов с набором ценных хозяйственных признаков, включая устойчивость к киле, мучнистой росе, раннему стеблеванию.Материалы и методы. В качестве растительного материала были использованы линии капусты пекинской различной степени инбредности и DH, а также гибридные комбинации от скрещивания этих линий. Линии получены в 2019-2020 годах, селекционный материал для них отбирали на провокационных фонах по устойчивости к киле и толерантности к внутреннему ожогу кочанов. Использовали следующие методы: выращивание растений; выделение ДНК (метод СТАВ); ПЦР-анализ; электрофорез и визуализация результатов; оценка продуктивности и дисперсионный анализ; создании удвоенных гаплоидов в культуре изолированных микроспор in vitro; оценка устойчивости / восприимчивости к мучнистой росе.Результаты. Рекомендованы 2 генотипа с высокой продуктивностью и выровненностью в обороте лето-осень 2022 года, выявлен генотип, превысивший 3 стандарта по массе кочана в обороте весна-лето 2022 года; в результате молекулярного генотипирования проведена дифференциация 41 линии по гену устойчивости к киле CRb; получены DH растения для 4 генотипов с устойчивостью к стеблеванию, изучена их отзывчивость к эмбриогенезу; проведена оценка 18 линий на устойчивость к мучнистой росе, выделены 7 генотипов с устойчивостью к заболеванию.

Relevance and purpose of the study. Chinese cabbage is a vegetable crop with a high content of vitamins and low calorie content, valued for its ability to receive several crops per year and high productivity. Recently, there has been a reduction in the supply of the vegetable to Russia. There are less than 70 varieties and hybrids of the crop in the State Register of Selection Achievements, many of them are susceptible to the most important diseases. It is necessary to meet consumer demand with new commercial hybrids with resistance to stressors. The aim of the study was to evaluate and obtain genotypes with a set of valuable economic traits, including resistance to clubroot, powdery mildew, and early bolting.Materials and methods. The Chinese cabbage lines of various degrees of inbred and DH, as well as hybrid combinations from crossing these lines, were used as plant material. The lines were obtained in 2019-2020, the breeding material for them was selected on the ground infected with clubroot and with tolerance to tip burn of heads. To achieve the goal, the following methods were applied: plants cultivation; DNA isolation (CTAB method); PCR analysis; electrophoresis and visualization of results; productivity assessment and dispersion analysis; obtaining doubled haploids in culture of isolated microspores in vitro, assessment of resistance/susceptibility to powdery mildew.Results. 2 genotypes with high productivity and alignment in turnover summer-autumn 2022 and a genotype exceeding 3 standards in head weight in turnover spring-summer 2022 were recommended; as a result of molecular genotyping, 41 lines were differentiated according to the clubroot resistance gene CRb; DH plants for 4 genotypes with resistance to early bolting were obtained, their responsiveness to embryogenesis was studied; 18 lines were evaluated for resistance to powdery mildew, 7 genotypes with resistance to the disease were identified.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.