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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ovoshchi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Овощи России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vegetable crops of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9146</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7132</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр овощеводства</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18619/2072-9146-2023-3-24-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ovoshchi-2179</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО И БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION AND PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка мутагенных образцов чеснока озимого</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of mutagenic samples of winter garlic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-200X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Немтинов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nemtinov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктор Илларионович Немтинов – доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, главный научный сотрудник </p><p>295493 г. Симферополь, ул. Киевская, 150</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victor I. Nemtinov – Doc. Sci. (Agriculture), Chief Researcher</p><p>150, Kievskaya str., Simferopol, 295043, </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nemtin2@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3410-6634</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костанчук</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostantchuk</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Николаевна Костанчук – старший научный сотрудник </p><p>295493 г. Симферополь, ул. Киевская, 150</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia N. Kostantchuk – Senior Researcher </p><p>150, Kievskaya str., Simferopol, 295043</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kostanyulya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства Крыма»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Немтинов В.И., Костанчук Ю.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Немтинов В.И., Костанчук Ю.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nemtinov V.I., Kostantchuk Y.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2179">https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/2179</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Использование химического мутагенеза на чесноке актуально для создания новых форм со стабильными признаками, лучшими биохимическими качествами, повышенной урожайностью, с целью использования в селекционной практике.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Оценивалась реакция чеснока, обработанного двумя химическими мутагенами: ДЭС (диэтилсульфат) – 0,025; 0,05 и 0,1% (мутанты 2, 3 и 4), а также ДМС (диметилсульфат) –</p><p>0,02; 0,04 и 0,08% растворами (мутанты 5, 6 и 7).</p><p>Последействие химических мутагенов отмечено при низкой и средней вариабельности признаков во втором–пятом поколении. По низкой изменчивости 1,6–9,4% выделилась высота растений (образцы М 3 и 6), количество листьев (М 5), высота ложного стебля (М 3), диаметр луковиц (М 6), а также по длине листьев и массе луковиц образцы М 3, 5 и 6. Действие мутагенов на морфометрические признаки чеснока также отслежено во второй генерации (повторное выращивание из воздушных луковиц), где отмечены параметры низкой и средней вариабельности признаков. Большинство образцов по 7 признакам отражали низкую изменчивость 5,5–10,0% и только 2 показали среднюю изменчивость 11,4–16,4%: М 6 по высоте растений и ложному стеблю и М 3 – по диаметру луковиц и урожайности. Корреляция между их значением в 5-ом поколении и во 2-й генерации также выявило сильные прямые и средние связи. Высокая наследуемость признаков h2 = 0,74–0,99 по препаратам ДЭС – 0,05%, ДМС – 0,02 и 0,04%, явилась важнейшем показателем отбора ценных признаков.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. The use of chemical mutagenesis on garlic is relevant for the creation of new forms with stable characteristics, better biochemical qualities, increased yield, for use in breeding practice.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The reaction of garlic treated with two chemical mutagens was evaluated: DES (diethyl sulfate) – 0.025; 0.05 and 0.1% (mutants 2, 3 and 4), as well as DMS (dimethyl sulfate) – 0.02; 0.04 and 0.08% solutions (mutants 5, 6 and 7). The aftereffect of chemical mutagens was noted with low and medium variability of signs in the second–fifth generation. According to the low variability of 1.6–9.4%, the height of plants (samples M 3 and 6), the number of leaves (M 5), the height of the false stem (M 3), the diameter of bulbs (M 6), as well as the length of leaves and the weight of bulbs samples M 3, 5 and 6 were distinguished. The effect of mutagens on morphometric signs of garlic were also tracked in the second generation (re-growing from air bulbs), where the parameters of low and medium variability of signs are marked. The majority of samples on 7 signs reflected a low variability of 5.5–10.0% and only 2 mutants showed an average variability of 11.4–16.4%: M 6 in plant height and false stem and M 3 in bulb diameter and yield. The correlation between their value in the 5th generation and in the 2nd generation also revealed strong direct and average connections. High heritability of h2 signs = 0.74–0.99 for DES preparations – 0.05%, VMI – 0.02 and 0.04%, was the most important indicator of the selection of valuable signs.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>чеснок озимый</kwd><kwd>популяция</kwd><kwd>воздушные луковички</kwd><kwd>химические мутагены</kwd><kwd>морфометрия</kwd><kwd>наследуемость признаков</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>winter garlic</kwd><kwd>population</kwd><kwd>air bulbs</kwd><kwd>chemical mutagens</kwd><kwd>morphometry</kwd><kwd>heritability of traits</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сыч З.Д. Чеснок: новые перспективы для бизнеса. Овощеводство.2013;(10):15-17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sych Z. D. Garlic: new perspectives for business. Vegetable growing. ;(10): 15–17. 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