ovoshchiОвощи РоссииVegetable crops of Russia2072-91462618-7132Федеральный научный центр овощеводства10.18619/2072-9146-2015-3-4-28-31ovoshchi-190Research ArticleСЕЛЕКЦИЯ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЙBREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPSПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ УДВОЕННЫХ ГАПЛОИДОВ РАСТЕНИЙ СЕМЕЙСТВА CUCURBITACEAEPROSPECTIVE OF DEVELOPMENT OF DOUBLED HAPLOID PLANTS OF CUCURBITACEAE FAMILYШмыковаН. А.ShmykovaN. A.

доктор с-х наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории биотехнологии

vniissok@mail.ruХимичГ. А.KhimichG. A.

старший научный сотрудник лаборатории селекции и семеноводства тыквенных культур

КоротцеваИ. Б.KorotsevaI. B.

кандидат с-х наук, зав. лабораторией селекции и семеноводства тыквенных культур

ДомблидесЕ. А.DomblidesE. A.

кандидат с-х наук, зав. лабораторией биотехнологии

Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Всероссийский НИИ селекции и семеноводства овощных культур» (ФГБНУ ВНИИССОК) 143080, Россия, Московская обл., Одинцовский р-н, п. ВНИИССОК, ул. Селекционная, д.14РоссияFederal State Budgetary Scientific Research Institution «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of vegetable breeding and seed production» 143080, Russia, Moscow region, Odintsovo district, p. VNIISSOK, Selectionnaya street, 14Russian Federation20150309201503-42831Copyright © Шмыкова Н.А., Химич Г.А., Коротцева И.Б., Домблидес Е.А., 20152015Шмыкова Н.А., Химич Г.А., Коротцева И.Б., Домблидес Е.А.Shmykova N.A., Khimich G.A., Korotseva I.B., Domblides E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/190

гиногенез и партеногенез – один из способов генетического улучшения сельскохозяйственных растений. С помощью DH-технологии полностью гомозиготные растения можно получить в течение одного года, в отличие от классических методов селекции, при использовании которых процесс инбридинга занимает 6–12 лет. Для получения гаплоидов у представителей семейства Тыквенные (Curbitaceae) наиболее успешно разработаны технологии с использованием партеногенеза (опыление растений облученной пыльцой) и гиногенеза (культура неопыленных семяпочек in vitro). На эффективность DH-технологии влияют многочисленные факторы: условия выращивания донорных растений, их генотип, стадия развития мешка, состав питательной среды, условия культивирования. Оптимальное значение и комбинация этих факторов являются необходимым условием для успешного эмбриогенеза. В данной обзорной статье обобщен опыт зарубежных и российских ученых в области разработки технологии получения удвоенных гаплоидов тыквенных культур, показаны различные факторы, влияющие на процессы получения DH-растений, а также подходы, позволяющие повысить выход гаплоидов.

In this review, the experience of Russian and foreign scientists in field of development of technology of doubled haploids (DHs) of Cucurbitaceae crops is summarized. The different factors affected on the development of DH-plants and the ways of increasing of yield of double haploids are described in the article.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.