ovoshchiОвощи РоссииVegetable crops of Russia2072-91462618-7132Федеральный научный центр овощеводства10.18619/2072-9146-2021-4-57-64ovoshchi-1795Research ArticleСЕЛЕКЦИЯ И СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЙBREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPSОценка водного следа овощных культурAssessment of water footprint of vegetable cropshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9492-8667ФедосовА. Ю.FedosovA. Y.

Александр Юрьевич Федосов – младший научный сотрудник отдела технологий и инноваций

140153, Россия, Московская область, Раменский район, д. Верея,  стр. 500

Alexander Yu. Fedosov - Junior Researcher, Technology and Innovation Department

500, Vereya, Ramensky district, Moscow region

fffed@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7254-8487МеньшихА. М.MenshikhA. M.

Александр Михайлович Меньших - кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела технологий и инноваций

140153, Россия, Московская область, Раменский район, д. Верея, стр. 500

Alexander M. Menshikh – Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher, Technology and Innovation Department

500, Vereya, Ramensky district, Moscow region

soulsunnet@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7326-2157ИвановаМ. И.IvanovaM. I.

Мария Ивановна Иванова - доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор РАН, главный научный сотрудник отдела селекции и семеноводства

140153, Россия, Московская область, Раменский район, д. Верея, стр. 500

Maria I. Ivanova - Doc. Sci. (Agriculture), Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Department of Breeding and Seed Production

500, Vereya, Ramensky district, Moscow region

ivanova_170@mail.ruВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт овощеводства - филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения ≪Федеральный научный центр овощеводства≫ (ВНИИО - филиал ФГБНУ ФНЦО)РоссияAll-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Growing - Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Vegetable CenterRussian Federation202103092021045764Copyright © Федосов А.Ю., Меньших А.М., Иванова М.И., 20212021Федосов А.Ю., Меньших А.М., Иванова М.И.Fedosov A.Y., Menshikh A.M., Ivanova M.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/1795

Актуальность. Сельскохозяйственное производство является основным потребителем воды. В мировом масштабе около 70% пресной воды ежегодно используется для сельскохозяйственного (продовольственного и непродовольственного) производства. Почти 40% мировых запасов продовольствия производится за счет орошения. Во всем мире нехватка воды для орошения из-за конкуренции между промышленностью и городским потреблением угрожает продовольственной безопасности. Ожидается, что будущий рост населения, рост доходов и изменения в питании повысят спрос на воду. Темпы потепления на территории России с середины 1970-х годов примерно в 2,5 раза превосходят среднеглобальные. Наибольшая скорость прироста температуры имеет место в высоких широтах. Потеплению подвержена вся территория России как в целом за год, так и во все сезоны. Учет водного следа (WF), предложенный Сетью водного следа (WFN), потенциально может предоставить важную информацию для управления водными ресурсами, особенно в регионах с дефицитом воды, которые полагаются на орошение для удовлетворения потребностей в продуктах питания.Методика. Целью этого систематического обзора было сопоставление и обобщение имеющихся данных о глобальном использовании воды при производстве овощной продукции. Проведен поиск в онлайн-базах данных, охватывающих области окружающей среды, социальных наук, общественного здравоохранения, питания и сельского хозяйства. Поиск проводили с использованием предопределенных поисковых терминов, которые включали понятия «овощные культуры» и «водный след».Результаты. В статье представлен краткий обзор водного следа овощеводства и устойчивости голубого водного следа. В целом, высокий зеленый или общий (зеленый + синий) WF может указывать на то, что овощные культуры имеют низкую урожайность или неэффективно используют воду. Низкий зеленый и высокий синий WF указывает на неэффективное использование дождевой воды, что может привести к чрезмерной эксплуатации поверхностных и грунтовых вод. Водный след можно считать хорошим экономическим эргометром, показывающим уровень потребления воды, необходимый для получения определенной овощной продукции, независимо от того, приносит ли он экономические выгоды или нет, полезен для общества или нет.

Relevance. Agricultural production is the main consumer of water. Globally, about 70% of fresh water is annually used for agricultural (food and non-food) production. Nearly 40% of the world's food supply comes from irrigation. Globally, the scarcity of irrigation water due to competition between industry and urban consumption threatens food security. Future population growth, income growth and changes in nutrition are expected to increase demand for water. The rate of warming in Russia since the mid-1970s about 2.5 times the global average. The highest rate of temperature increase occurs at high latitudes. The entire territory of Russia is subject to warming, both as a whole for the year and in all seasons. Water Footprint Accounting (WF), proposed by the Water Footprint Network (WFN), has the potential to provide important information for water management, especially in water-stressed regions that rely on irrigation to meet food needs.Methodology. The purpose of this systematic review was to collate and synthesize available data on global water use in vegetable production. Searched online databases covering the areas of environment, social sciences, public health, nutrition and agriculture: Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, OvidSP MEDLINE, EconLit, OvidSP AGRIS, EBSCO GreenFILE, and OvidSP CAB Abstracts. The search was conducted using predefined search terms that included the concepts of "vegetable crops" and "water footprint".Results. This article provides a brief overview of the vegetable growing water footprint and the sustainability of the blue water footprint. In general, a high green or overall (green + blue) WF may indicate that the vegetable crops are having low yields or inefficient water use. Low green and high blue WF indicate inefficient use of rainwater, which can lead to overexploitation of surface and groundwater. The water footprint can be considered a good economic ergometer, showing the level of water consumption required to obtain a certain vegetable product, whether it brings economic benefits or not, beneficial to society or not.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.