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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ovoshchi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Овощи России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vegetable crops of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9146</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7132</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр овощеводства</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18619/2072-9146-2020-6-31-35</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ovoshchi-1181</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОВОЩЕВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>VEGETABLE PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Водный экстракт из листьев стевии (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) как биостимулятор роста растений в светокультуре</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The possibility of using of an aqueous extract from stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) leaves as a biostimulant of plant growth in photoculture</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0378-7331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синявина</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinyavina</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надежда Георгиевна Синявина – кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник </p><p>195220, г. Санкт-Петербург, Гражданский пр., д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda G. Sinyavina – Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher </p><p>14, Grazhdanskiy ave., St.-Petersburg, 195220</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sinad@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7221-9886</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочетов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochetov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Александрович Кочетов – кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник </p><p>195220, г. Санкт-Петербург, Гражданский пр., д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey A. Kochetov – Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher </p><p>14, Grazhdanskiy ave., St.-Petersburg, 195220</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7853-1301</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ксения Вадимовна Егорова – аспирант</p><p>195220, г. Санкт-Петербург, Гражданский пр., д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenia V. Egorova – graduate student </p><p>14, Grazhdanskiy ave., St.-Petersburg, 195220</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2936-5949</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вертебный</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vertebny</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виталий Евгеньевич Вертебный – старший научный сотрудник </p><p>195220, г. Санкт-Петербург, Гражданский пр., д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaly E. Vertebny – Senior Researcher </p><p>14, Grazhdanskiy ave., St.-Petersburg, 195220</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9149-3247</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хомяков</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khomyakov</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Викторович Хомяков – кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, руководитель лаборатории биохимии почвенно-растительных систем </p><p>195220, г. Санкт-Петербург, Гражданский пр., д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri V. Khomyakov – Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Biochemistry of Soil and Plant Systems </p><p>14, Grazhdanskiy ave., St.-Petersburg, 195220</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Агрофизический научно-исследовательский институт» (ФГБНУ АФИ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI Agrophysical Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Синявина Н.Г., Кочетов А.А., Егорова К.В., Вертебный В.Е., Хомяков Ю.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Синявина Н.Г., Кочетов А.А., Егорова К.В., Вертебный В.Е., Хомяков Ю.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sinyavina N.G., Kochetov A.A., Egorova K.V., Vertebny V.E., Khomyakov Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/1181">https://www.vegetables.su/jour/article/view/1181</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Биостимуляторы роста растений на основе природного сырья экологически безопасны и безвредны для человека. Стевия (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) содержит дитерпеновые стевиолгликозиды, сходные по структуре и свойствам с гиббереллинами, а также ряд других ценных биологически активных соединений. Цель работы – исследовать влияние водного экстракта из листьев стевии на урожайность и качество салата листового и редиса европейского в условиях светокультуры. Материалы и методы. Объектом исследований служили сорт салата Тайфун и редиса Ризенбуттер. Растения выращивали в светоустановках на биополигоне ФГБНУ АФИ (г. Санкт-Петербург) при освещенности 10–20 клк, температуре 22…26°С днем и 18…20°С ночью. Полив осуществляли водой, подкормку – питательным раствором Кнопа три раза в неделю. Субстрат – торф с минеральными добавками. Экстракцию из измельченных листьев стевии проводили горячей водой (80°С) в соотношении 1 г листьев: 100 мл воды в течение 90 мин. Некорневую обработку растений осуществляли двукратно разведениями исходного экстракта 1:10, 1:50 и 1:100 из расчета 0,20-0,25 мл/растение салата и 0,09-0,1 мл/растение редиса, контрольные растения обрабатывали водой. Полученные данные обрабатывали по стандартным методикам с использованием программного обеспечения Excel 2016. Результаты. Некорневая обработка экстрактом из листьев стевии достоверно не влияла на размеры и массу корнеплодов редиса, но повысила урожайность за счет уменьшения числа застеблевавшихся растений: наблюдали достоверное их уменьшение во всех вариантах обработки (на 34-51%). При использовании разведения 1:100 на 20% повышался выход товарных корнеплодов и на 25% – урожай с кв. м. Некорневая обработка экстрактами стевии повышала массу растений салата и их биологическую ценность. Достоверно увеличивалось содержание фотосинтетических пигментов, сахаров, витамина С, наблюдалась тенденция к снижению содержания нитратов. Рекомендованными к использованию для некорневой обработки могут служить разведения исходного экстракта 1:50 и 1:100. Эффект от применения экстракта из листьев стевии сходен по действию с некоторыми биостимуляторами растительного происхождения, обладающими гормоноподобными свойствами, что определяет возможность использования его в качестве безопасного стимулятора роста растений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. Plant growth biostimulants based on natural raw materials are ecologically safe and harmless to humans. Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) contains in its leaves sweet diterpene steviol glycosides, which are similar in structure and properties to gibberellins, as well as a number of other valuable biologically active compounds. Water extracts from stevia leaves are capable to accelerate growth, to increase the yield and quality of plants. However, further study and development of application technologies of the extracts for specific crops and different growing conditions are required. The purpouse of this work is to investigate the effect of an aqueous extract from stevia leaves on the yield and quality of lettuce and small radish under photoculture conditions. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were lettuce var. Typhoon and small radish var. Riesenbutter. The plants were grown in photoculture at the biopolygon of the FSBSI Agrophysical Research Institute (St. Petersburg) at an illumination of 10–20 klx, a temperature of 22–26°С (day) and 18–20°С (night). Watering was carried out with water, top-dressing was carried out with Knop's nutrient solution three times a week. Peat with mineral additives was used as a substrate. The original extract was prepared by extraction from stevia dry leaves powder with hot water (80°С) in a ratio of 1 g of leaves: 100 ml of water. Foliar treatment of plants was carried out twice at dilution of the original extract from stevia leaves 1:10, 1:50, and 1:100 (extract : water) at the rate of 0.20-0.25 ml / lettuce plant and 0.09-0.1 ml / radish plant; control plants were treated with water. The data were processed according to standard procedures using the Excel 2016 software. Results. Foliar treatment with an extract from stevia leaves did not significantly affect the size and weight of radish root crops, but increased the yield due to a decrease in the number of bolting plants. A significant decrease of bolting was observed in all treatment options (by 34-51%). When using a dilution of 1: 100, the yield of marketable root crops increased by 20% and the yield per sq. m. – by 25%. Foliar treatment with stevia extracts increased the mass of lettuce plants, as well as their biological value. The content of photosynthetic pigments, sugars, and vitamin C significantly increased, and a tendency towards a decrease in the content of nitrates was observed. According to data, we recommend for foliar treatment are dilutions of the original extract 1:50 and 1: 100. The effect of using of an extract from stevia leaves is similar in action to some biostimulants from plants with hormone-like properties, which determines the possibility of using it as a safe plant growth stimulant.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>светокультура</kwd><kwd>экстракт из стевии</kwd><kwd>биостимулятор</kwd><kwd>урожай растений</kwd><kwd>качество</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>photoculture</kwd><kwd>stevia extract</kwd><kwd>biostimulant</kwd><kwd>crop yield</kwd><kwd>quality</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kozai T. 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